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太原科技大学 应用科学学院 山西省精密测量与在线检测装备工程研究中心, 山西 太原 030024
Received:11 April 2026,
Revised:2026-05-07,
Online First:14 August 2026,
Published:10 August 2026
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周月婷,王孟圆,翟保杰等.基于频率调制相位优化的激光稳频及其腔衰荡光谱应用[J].光学精密工程,2026,34(15):2280-2288.
ZHOU Yueting,WANG Mengyuan,ZHAI Baojie,et al.Laser frequency stabilization based on phase optimization of frequency modulation and its application in cavity ring-down spectroscopy[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2026,34(15):2280-2288.
周月婷,王孟圆,翟保杰等.基于频率调制相位优化的激光稳频及其腔衰荡光谱应用[J].光学精密工程,2026,34(15):2280-2288. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20263415.2280. CSTR: 32169.14.OPE.20263415.2280.
ZHOU Yueting,WANG Mengyuan,ZHAI Baojie,et al.Laser frequency stabilization based on phase optimization of frequency modulation and its application in cavity ring-down spectroscopy[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2026,34(15):2280-2288. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20263415.2280. CSTR: 32169.14.OPE.20263415.2280.
针对腔衰荡光谱(Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy,CRDS)系统中激光器频率漂移、线宽过宽以及传统稳频技术难以兼顾快速单点测量与硬件成本等问题,建立了频率调制光谱中调制频率与相位选择的对应关系,并将其应用于激光稳频及腔衰荡光谱系统,实现了乙炔气体的单点快速测量。从理论上系统提示了频率调制光谱中吸收与色散相位误差信号随调制频率变化的演变规律,阐述了以300 MHz为临界点择优选择不同解调相位的物理特性,在300 MHz以下吸收信号占优,而在高频段则色散信号更具优势。实验搭建了基于FPGA的激光稳频系统,经验证误差信号峰峰值的演变规律与理论高度一致。通过优化气压与浓度等参数,利用 PID 控制器将激光频率精准锁定至乙炔吸收线中心,实现了频率稳定与线宽压窄。将稳频后的激光应用于腔衰荡光谱测量,实验结果表明:在9 MHz(吸收相位)与350 MHz(色散相位)调制频率下,经Allan方差分析系统的检测极限分
别达到6.23×10
-
10
/cm与2.51×10
-
10
/cm,较未稳频的1.55×10
-
9
/cm提升了近一个数量级,相应的最低探测浓度为5.09×10
-
12
mol/mol与1.26×10
-
11
mol/mol,同样较未稳频的1.55×10
-
11
mol/mol实现了近一个量级的性能提升。高频色散相位虽具有优越的性能,但相较于低频吸收相位,提升幅度有限;因此,实际应用中可综合衡量调制频率与硬件成本,以实现性能与成本的平衡,为环境监测与工业传感领域实现高精度、低成本的气体监测提供重要参考。
Laser-frequency drift and excessive linewidth limit rapid, cost-effective single-point measurements in cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS). This work investigates the relationship between modulation frequency and demodulation-phase selection in frequency-modulation spectroscopy (FMS) and applies it to laser-frequency stabilization for acetylene CRDS. The modulation-frequency dependence of absorption- and dispersion-phase error signals was analyzed theoretically. The analysis identified an approximately 300 MHz crossover: the absorption phase dominated below 300 MHz, whereas the dispersion phase provided a larger error signal at higher modulation frequencies. An FPGA-based frequency-stabilization system was developed, and the measured peak-to-peak error-signal variation agreed closely with the theoretical prediction. After optimizing gas pressure and concentration, a proportional-integral-derivative controller locked the laser to the center of the acetylene absorption line, thereby improving frequency stability and reducing the effective linewidth. The stabilized laser was then evaluated in CRDS measurements. Allan-variance analysis yielded detection limits of 6.23×10
-10
cm
-1
at 9 MHz in the absorption phase and 2.51×10
-10
cm
-1
at 350 MHz in the dispersion phase, compared with 1.55×10
-9
cm
-1
without stabilization. These values correspond to improvements by factors of 2.49 and 6.18, respectively. Although
high-frequency dispersion-phase detection achieved the lower detection limit, its advantage should be balanced against increased hardware requirements. The approach supports high-precision, low-cost gas monitoring in environmental and industrial sensing applications.
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