最新刊期
卷 34 ， 期 4 ， 2026
- “针对背景纹影技术中相机光轴偏转导致的投影偏移与轴对称温度场重建失真问题，专家提出基于几何光学建模的光学中心校正方法，显著提高非理想装调条件下的测量可靠性，为航空发动机尾喷温度场高精度光学诊断提供有效校正手段。”摘要：To address the projection offset and axisymmetric temperature-field reconstruction distortion caused by camera optical-axis misalignment in background-oriented schlieren （BOS） technology， this paper proposed an optical center calibration method based on geometric optical modeling. Conventional methods assumed strict alignment between the camera optical axis and the flow axis， neglecting unavoidable angular deviations in practical installation. In this work， an accurate geometric model incorporating optical-axis tilt was established， from which an analytical mapping between actual projection coordinates and ideal sensor coordinates was derived. This enabled precise deflection-angle calculation under misaligned conditions while maintaining a single-camera axisymmetric measurement architecture. By integrating the Abel inverse transform and the Gladstone-Dale relation， a complete reconstruction chain from deflection angles to refractive-index fields and finally to temperature fields was achieved. Experimental validation was conducted within a misalignment range of ±6°. The results show that under a +6° tilt condition， the average temperature deviation is reduced from 18.26 K using the conventional method to -0.94 K with the proposed approach， corresponding to an improvement of approximately one order of magnitude in accuracy. The method significantly enhances the measurement reliability of BOS under non‑ideal installation conditions and provides an effective calibration tool for high‑precision， robust optical diagnosis of aero‑engine exhaust temperature fields.关键词：background-oriented schlieren;aero-engine exhaust temperature field;optical center calibration;geometric optical model;Abel inverse transform8|5|0更新时间：2026-02-24
- “介绍了其在滚动直线导轨副制造精度提升领域的研究进展，专家构建了场景化改进算法的型面点云拟合体系，验证了该测量系统的测量精度优于5 μm，达到SP级测量标准，为滚动直线导轨型面的高精度、高效检测提供了理论支撑与技术方案。”摘要：In order to improve the manufacturing accuracy of the complex curved surface with small arc characteristics in the rolling linear guide pair， and ensure the service performance of the rolling functional components such as stiffness and friction torque， a precise and efficient measurement method of the rolling linear guide surface based on line structured light was proposed in this paper. Aiming at the unique scene of the guide rail profile， a set of point cloud fitting system of the improved scene algorithm was constructed， including the adaptive voxel filtering algorithm weighted by the raceway area， the PCA-K neighborhood inflection point identification algorithm with multi-feature fusion and the improved RANSAC arc fitting algorithm with adaptive radius constraint. Through the comparison experiment with the three-coordinate measuring machine and the image measuring instrument， it is verified that the measurement accuracy of the measurement system is better than 5 μm， which reaches the SP level measurement standard， and can realize the full contour detection of the guide rail surface. The measurement efficiency is more than 15 times higher than that of the three-coordinate measuring machine， which provides theoretical support and technical scheme for the high-precision and efficient detection of the rolling linear guide rail profile.关键词：Line structured light;linear guide rail;surface detection;point cloud algorithm9|13|0更新时间：2026-02-24
- “镁合金在航空航天等领域应用广泛，LIBS技术检测镁合金前景良好。专家提出基于特征选择的镁合金快速分类方法，对比多种特征选择与分类模型，mRMR-BPNN组合在仅用180个特征时，首日和次日数据测试准确率分别达99.4%和92.5%，显著优于其他方法，为镁铝合金快速在线检测与质量控制提供可靠手段，推动LIBS技术在工业现场应用。”摘要：Magnesium alloys， owing to their low density， high specific strength， and excellent corrosion resistance， are widely applied in aerospace， automotive， and electronics industries. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy （LIBS） offers advantages such as rapid analysis and minimal sample preparation， making it highly promising for magnesium alloy detection. However， LIBS spectra exhibit significant fluctuations across repeated measurements， while the spectral similarity among different types of magnesium alloys is high. In addition， the data contain redundant information， which limits the performance of direct classification. In this work， a rapid classification method for magnesium alloys based on feature selection was proposed. Three feature selection strategies maximum relevance minimum redundancy （mRMR）， random forest （RF）， and spectral indices were systematically compared and combined with three classifiers， including support vector machine （SVM）， back propagation neural network （BPNN）， and k-nearest neighbor （KNN）， to construct multiple classification models for magnesium alloys. Experimental results demonstrate that the mRMR-BPNN model achieved accuracies of 99.4% and 92.5% on the first-day and second-day test datasets， respectively， using only 180 selected features. This performance significantly outperforms other feature selection classifier combinations as well as direct classification using raw spectra. The proposed method effectively improves both classification accuracy and generalization capability without requiring complex preprocessing， providing a reliable approach for rapid online detection and quality control of magnesium-aluminum alloys. This work highlights the practical potential of LIBS technology for industrial on-site applications.关键词：laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy;magnesium alloy;Feature selection;machine learning9|5|0更新时间：2026-02-24
- “针对车载光电系统需求，专家设计了长波红外线列扫描成像系统的光机机构，提出柔性窗口组件结构与复合式主光学结构，经测试验证其具有优异的环境适应性和工程实用性。”摘要：To meet the requirements of operating distance and environmental adaptability for vehicle-mounted optoelectronic systems， an opto-mechanical structure of a long-wave infrared linear array scanning imaging system was designed. Based on the optical detection requirement and infrared material constraints， a catadioptric optical scheme with a protective window was adopted， and a correction lens group was integrated to correct aberrations and achieve dynamic focusing function， enabling the system to work normally within the temperature range of -40 ℃ to +60 ℃. A flexible window component structure based on engineering plastic was proposed to achieve lightweight while improving sealing and anti-vibration performance. A composite primary optical structure combining an aluminum main mirror chamber and Invar support rods was constructed to effectively suppress thermal deformation caused by wide temperature variation. A multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism for the secondary mirror was designed to balance alignment accuracy and engineering efficiency. Finite element analysis results show that with a total mass of 28.3 kg， the opto-mechanical structure's first-order natural frequency is 204 Hz， and the maximum stress under rated vibrational load is 53.9 MPa， indicating that the structural dynamic stiffness and strength meet the requirement of vehicle-mounted applications. Laboratory tests show that the system achieves clear target imaging with a Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference （NETD） of 40 mK. In field tests， the system still maintains stable imaging performance at -30 ℃ after undergoing a vibration environment， which verifies the excellent environmental adaptability and engineering practicality of the optomechanical structure.关键词：vehicle-mounted;catadioptric;linear detector;scanning imaging;opto-mechanical structure9|9|0更新时间：2026-02-24
Modern Applied Optics
- “针对微操作与微装配领域需求，专家提出压电粘滑驱动的二自由度跨尺度并联式解耦运动平台，实现纳米级运动分辨率与宏行程运动，为多维跨尺度微纳运动提供解决方案。”摘要：Regarding the multi-degree-of-freedom， macro-stroke， and high-precision motion requirements in micro-manipulation and micro-assembly fields， a two-degree-of-freedom cross-scale parallel decoupled motion platform with piezoelectric stick-slip actuation was proposed. Macro fiber composites were used to actuate compliant mechanisms to design an integrated drive-structure arch-shaped driving unit， achieving nanometer-level motion resolution， enhancing single-step output displacement， and enabling two-dimensional planar motion decoupling. Subsequently， stick-slip driving principles were utilized to achieve macro-stroke motion， while universal bearings and adjustable support were employed to enhance load-bearing capacity. A theoretical model of the platform was established using the finite element method， and simulations were conducted to analyze its output displacement and natural frequency. Finally， an experimental platform was constructed to test the relevant performance. Experimental results show that during continuous stRegarding the multi-degree-of-freedom， macro-stroke， and high-precision motion requirements in micro-manipulation and micro-assembly fields， a two-degree-of-freedom cross-scale parallel decoupled motion platform with piezoelectric stick-slip actuation is proposed. Macro fiber composites are used to actuate compliant mechanisms to design an integrated drive-structure arch-shaped driving unit， achieving nanometer-level motion resolution， enhancing single-step output displacement， and enabling two-dimensional planar motion decoupling. Subsequently， stick-slip driving principles are utilized to achieve macro-stroke motion， while universal bearings and adjustable support are employed to enhance load-bearing capacity. A theoretical model of the platform is established using the finite element method， and simulations are conducted to analyze its output displacement and natural frequency. Finally， an experimental platform was constructed to test the relevant performance.ep motion， the maximum single-step displacements of the piezoelectric stick-slip motion platform along the x and y axes are 249.6 μm and 237.3 μm， respectively， with a motion range of 16.10 mm × 16.08 mm. Even under a vertical load of 30 N， the stick-slip motion platform still achieves a single-step output displacement of 16 μm. Additionally， the translational displacement resolutions are 6.3 nm and 6.8 nm during single-step precision motion， respectively. Therefore， the designed piezoelectric stick-slip motion platform can meet the multi-dimensional， cross-scale micro-nano motion requirements.关键词：piezoelectric actuation;stick-slip motion;compliant mechanism;two degrees of freedom6|3|0更新时间：2026-02-24
-
Design and test analysis of a compliant precision positioning stage driven by reluctance actuators AI导读
“介绍了其在微纳米精密定位领域的研究进展，相关专家设计分析了基于磁阻驱动器的柔顺精密定位平台，验证了该平台在微纳米定位中的可行性与有效性。”摘要：To meet the comprehensive requirements of high force density and high-precision control for a medium-stroke micro-nano precision positioning stage， a compliant precision positioning stage based on reluctance actuators was designed and analyzed， with nonlinear hysteresis modeling and trajectory tracking control implemented. First， by analyzing the equivalent magnetic circuit of the reluctance actuator and its drive force characteristics under different air gaps， combined with the stiffness model of the flexure mechanism， the stage design parameters and the suitable air gap size for stage operation were determined. Subsequently， an experimental system was set up， and a feedforward compensation strategy incorporating a rational function and a Prandtl-Ishlinskii hysteresis inverse model was constructed to achieve nonlinear compensation for the reluctance actuator. Finally， a feedback control method comprising proportional-integral control and a notch filter was utilized to conduct trajectory tracking control experiments. Experimental results demonstrate that the constructed hysteresis inverse model compensation and control method significantly enhances the stage's control accuracy. After nonlinear compensation， the root mean square errors for tracking two different triangular wave signals were reduced by 69.2% and 63.68%， respectively， validating the feasibility and effectiveness of the designed compliant precision positioning stage using reluctance actuation in micro-nano positioning applications.关键词：reluctance actuator;compliant mechanism;hysteresis;precision positioning stage;trajectory tracking control6|4|0更新时间：2026-02-24 - “介绍了其在可倾转双旋翼飞行器起降控制领域的研究进展，专家设计了起降控制器并进行了飞行验证实验，为解决飞行器起降稳定性问题提供了有效方案。”摘要：To enhance the control strategy of tiltrotor takeoff and landing， a takeoff and landing controller was designed to be validated through flight experiments. Based on the nonlinear dynamic equations of the aircraft， the effects of nonlinear factors associated with generalized forces and attitude coupling on the stability of the takeoff and landing controller were studied. The coupled state equations， which contain the product terms of generalized forces and attitude， were linearized to obtain the feedback gain matrix for system control optimization. For the actual takeoff and landing process， the aircraft's attitude， acceleration， and flight altitude were independently measured by using a measurement device composed of an onboard inertial measurement unit and an ultrasonic ranging unit. The measured flight altitude from the takeoff and landing controller was compared with the simulation of the linearized state equations， and the effects of the designed controller on attitude and flight altitude， as well as the effectiveness of linearizing the coupled state equations， were analyzed. The experiments show that the average measured flight altitude differs from the simulated value by -2 mm， with a maximum difference of 8 mm， and that the trend of variation in the measured flight altitude is consistent with the simulation， indicating that the designed takeoff and landing controller meets the requirements for system control stability. The takeoff and landing controller and method studied in this work can effectively control the aircraft's takeoff and landing， demonstrating practical application value.关键词：nonlinear system;nonlinear controller;tilted bi-rotor;UAV;IMU6|5|0更新时间：2026-02-24
- “壳聚糖-二硫化钼复合材料湿度传感器研究取得新进展，专家构建了交联网络复合湿敏薄膜，有效抑制溶胀，提升性能，为高性能湿度传感器开发提供新策略。”摘要：Chitosan， as a bio-based material， combines environmental friendliness with excellent moisture adsorption capacity. However， its inherent high-humidity swelling characteristics often lead to issues such as， slow response and low long-term reliability in humidity sensors. To address these problems， a humidity sensor based on chitosan-molybdenum disulfide composite material was proposed in this study， aiming to achieve high sensitivity and fast response. By incorporating two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide nanosheets into the chitosan matrix， a chitosan-MoS₂ composite humidity-sensitive film with a cross-linked network was constructed. Characterization and performance test results show that molybdenum disulfide nanosheets not only form a cross-linked network with chitosan through hydrogen bonding， but also construct a physical barrier layer， which effectively suppresses the swelling of the material under high humidity conditions， and enhances the water molecule adsorption capacity and interfacial polarization effect of the film. The prepared chitosan-MoS2 sensor exhibits a wide operating humidity range （7%RH-95%RH）， high sensitivity （14 200 pF/%RH）， short response/recovery time （15/25 s）， good repeatability （5 relative standard deviation 2.08% over 5 cycles） and long-time stability （no attenuation over 120 h）. Furthermore， the sensor demonstrates potential application value in respiratory pattern recognition and non-contact human-computer interaction. This study provides an effective design and fabrication strategy for the development of high-performance and stable humidity sensors.关键词：humidity sensor;chitosan- molybdenum disulfide;anti-swelling;high sensitivity;quick response6|9|0更新时间：2026-02-24
Micro/Nano Technology and Fine Mechanics
- “遥感图像目标检测领域迎来新突破，相关专家提出融合背景与方向信息的检测网络，有效提升检测精度，为解决目标尺度差异大、方向分布复杂问题提供新方案。”摘要：Aimingat the problem of insufficient detection accuracy caused by large differences in target scale and complex direction distribution in remote sensing image target detection， a detection network combining background information and direction information was proposed. Firstly， aimed at the problem of large differences in target scale， a Receptive Field Extending （RFE） module was designed. Different from the traditional fixed receptive field or complex multi-branch structure， this module integrated multi-scale background information through large kernel decomposition， dilated convolution， and parallel branch structure design， and solved the problem of different background information requirements for different scale targets without significantly increasing the amount of calculation. Secondly， aimed at the problem of complex distribution of target directions， an Orientation Aware Cross Attention （OACA） module was designed. Different from the existing attention mechanism convolution kernel shape， the module extracted directional texture information through horizontal and vertical separable convolution to prevent feature loss and fracture； at the same time， a cross-attention mechanism was designed to suppress background noise and enhance the interactivity of directional information. The experimental results show that the detection accuracy of the proposed method on DOTA， HRSC2016 and DIOR-R datasets reaches 76.88%， 98.43% and 65.06%， respectively， which is 1.01%， 0.83% and 0.76% higher than that of the Oriented R-CNN method， respectively， which further verifies the effectiveness of background information and direction information collaboration.关键词：remote sensing images;rotating object detection;receptive field extending;orientation aware cross attention6|3|0更新时间：2026-02-24
- “针对雾天路面缺陷检测难题，专家提出改进YOLO11n的轻量化检测方法，构建去雾网络、自适应下采样模块等，显著提升检测精度与轻量化水平，为雾天路面巡检提供高效解决方案。”摘要：Aiming at the problems of low detection accuracy and large number of detection model parameters in road defect detection methods in foggy scenarios， we proposed to improve the lightweight detection method of YOLO11n foggy road defects， aiming to improve the model detection accuracy while being more conducive to its lightweight deployment. First， a front-end Dehaze-Network （DH-Net） was constructed in the backbone network， which maintained the consistency of the dehaze image structure while realizing the joint optimization of the detection task orientation through the channel normalization and cross-layer statistic transfer mechanism， and reduced the influence of the fog on the detection effect； second， in order to enhance the ability to extract the details of the defects， the Adaptive Downsampling Module （ADown） replaced traditional convolution to reduce the number of parameters and retain key spatial features； then， to reduce the impact of foggy scenes and complex road conditions on detection， an efficient multi-branch auxiliary feature pyramid network was designed to enhance the cross-scale characterization of foggy targets through dynamic convolutional kernel adaptation and weighted bi-directional feature pyramid fusion； and lastly， the lightweighting of the detection header was improved by using part of the convolution to partially convolution operation to reduce the computational overhead. Experiments across various datasets demonstrate that the improved model achieves a mAP increase of 2.1% and 3% respectively over the baseline， whilst reducing the number of parameters by 47.2%. This method provides a high-precision and low-resource-consumption solution for foggy pavement inspection.关键词：foggy weather detection;pavement defect detection;YOLO11n;lightweighting7|3|0更新时间：2026-02-24
- “介绍了其在细胞图像分割领域的研究进展，相关专家提出了一种基于扩散模型的细胞图像与掩膜联合生成的数据扩充方法，为解决标注数据不足及传统增强方法局限性问题提供了高效可行的方案。”摘要：To address the issues of insufficient annotated data samples and limitations of traditional augmentation methods in cell image segmentation tasks， this study first proposed a data augmentation approach based on diffusion models for the joint generation of paired cell images and masks. The method constructed an end-to-end joint generation framework consisting of a noise-prediction U-Net and a dedicated noise sampler. It stacked raw cell images and their corresponding masks into four-channel joint images by channel， enabling single-stage joint generation of high-quality synthetic data and effectively avoiding cumulative errors introduced by multi-stage generation pipelines. The model integrated temporal positional embedding and multi-head self-attention mechanism to enhance the model's ability to model the fine-grained corresponding relationships between cell structural features and semantic masks. It also adopted the mean squared error loss function and cosine annealing learning rate scheduler to optimize the training dynamics and stabilize convergence. Comprehensive experimental results conducted on the CryoNuSeg and ISBI2012 benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves the performance of downstream segmentation models. Under the DPM++ 2M Karras sampling setting， the IoU and Dice scores on the CryoNuSeg dataset reach 62.50% and 75.78% respectively， which outperform conventional augmentation techniques such as flipping， rotation， and scaling. The results fully verify the superiority of joint generation augmentation in expanding data diversity and improving segmentation accuracy， providing an efficient， feasible， and generalizable data augmentation solution for cell image segmentation in scenarios with scarce annotations.关键词：cell image segmentation;diffusion models;data augmentation;UNet;joint generation6|3|0更新时间：2026-02-24
- “水下目标检测难度大，专家提出YOLOv8n - SD改进模型，融合单头自注意力和频域空域特征，提升检测精度与鲁棒性，为水下目标检测提供新方案。”摘要：Water refraction， scattering， and uneven illumination blur target textures. Aquatic organisms are mostly small， camouflaged， and dense. Resource-constrained underwater platforms demand lightweight， real-time models. These factors collectively exacerbate the difficulty of underwater object detection. Therefore， this paper proposed an improved YOLOv8n model based on single-head self-attention and frequency-domain & spatial-domain fusion， named YOLOv8n-SD. First， a backbone network enhanced by local-global feature fusion was designed. It used a single-head self-attention mechanism combined with dynamic channel ratio division to efficiently acquire long-range global information from partial channels， and further fused local detail information of efficient feature extraction blocks to realize complementary enhancement of local and global features. Second， a neck network with efficient frequency-domain and spatial-domain fusion was constructed， and a downsampling module using Haar wavelet transform and space-to-depth transform was designed to fuse important high-frequency and spatial information of shallow high-resolution features. At the same time， a fast normalized weighting strategy was adopted to dynamically optimize the efficiency of multi-scale feature fusion. On the public underwater datasets URPC2020 and RUOD， the mAP0.5：0.95 and mAP50 metrics of YOLOv8n-SD reach 51.2%， 85.7% and 50.6%， 85.0% respectively. Meanwhile， compared with the baseline， the number of parameters is reduced by 42.3% and the computational load is decreased by 17.2%. Comparative experiments further verify that the proposed model exhibits good detection accuracy and robustness in various complex underwater scenarios.关键词：underwater object detection;self-attention mechanism;Haar wavelet transform;small object detection10|2|0更新时间：2026-02-24
- “介绍了其在医学影像三维可视化与裸眼立体显示领域的研究进展，专家提出基于虚拟光场采集的医学影像光场显示方法，为提升医学影像显示质量与实时性开辟了新方向。”摘要：To improve the 3D visualization effect and autostereoscopic display performance of medical images， this paper proposed a light field display method for medical images based on virtual light field acquisition. First， based on medical tomographic image data， preprocessing algorithms were adopted to process the original image data. Combined with surface reconstruction and the improved Quadric Error Metrics （QEM） simplification algorithm， a lightweight 3D medical model was constructed while its key structural features were preserved. Then， aiming at the limitations of traditional light field acquisition methods， a virtual camera array construction strategy based on computer graphics was further designed. It generated high-quality virtual light field content without relying on physical optical equipment. Finally， the light field acquisition scene was built for the simplified 3D model using multi-view rendering technology. It optimized the acquisition efficiency and spatial resolution of light field images. Experimental results show that the rendering overhead of the medical model is reduced by 90.16%. And the geometric accuracy of the model is only lost by 4.06%. The virtual light field acquisition system achieved rendering efficiencies of 9.83 frames per second （FPS） and 9.57 FPS on the two optical experimental platforms， respectively， with a substantial enhancement in the generation efficiency of elemental images， thereby largely fulfilling the real-time acquisition criteria. The proposed method significantly reduces the model complexity while ensuring the geometric accuracy of the medical model， and effectively improves the quality and real-time performance of virtual light field display.关键词：medical image;light field display;virtual light field acquisition;3D visualization12|3|0更新时间：2026-02-24
Information Sciences
- Address：No.3888 Dong Nanhu Road, Changchun, Jilin, China Postal code：130033
- Tel：0431-86176855 Email：gxjmgc@ciomp.ac.cn
- Technical support is provided by Beijing Founder electronics co., LTD 吉ICP备11002662号-17
京公网安备11010802024621 - It is recommended to read the content of this site in Chrome&IE9+. Please switch to extreme mode in browser 360.
- Cookies We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing, you agree to the use of cookies.
0