陆军兵种大学 信息工程系,安徽 合肥 230031
[ "王欢庆(1995-),男,安徽亳州人,博士,讲师,2023年于合肥工业大学获得博士学位, 现为陆军兵种大学兵器科学与技术博士后科研流动站博士后,主要从事视觉测量及目标定位方面的研究。E-mail:1435434521@qq.com" ]
[ "黄勤超(1976-),男,安徽全椒人,博士,副教授,2006年于中国科学学院等离子体物理研究所获得博士学位,主要从事光电信息处理技术方面的研究。E-mail:1802019569@qq.com" ]
收稿:2025-06-28,
修回:2025-08-08,
纸质出版:2025-10-10
移动端阅览
王欢庆,韩裕生,薛模根等.无人机光电成像目标定位与精度影响因素[J].光学精密工程,2025,33(19):3009-3020.
WANG Huanqing,HAN Yusheng,XUE Mogen,et al.UAV-borne photoelectric imaging target localization and precision-influencing factors[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2025,33(19):3009-3020.
王欢庆,韩裕生,薛模根等.无人机光电成像目标定位与精度影响因素[J].光学精密工程,2025,33(19):3009-3020. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20253319.3009. CSTR: 32169.14.OPE.20253319.3009.
WANG Huanqing,HAN Yusheng,XUE Mogen,et al.UAV-borne photoelectric imaging target localization and precision-influencing factors[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2025,33(19):3009-3020. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20253319.3009. CSTR: 32169.14.OPE.20253319.3009.
为提高无人机光电成像目标定位精度,进一步优化光电成像定位方法及系统设计。构建了光电成像目标定位模型,通过坐标转换实现空间几何定位,运用误差合成理论评估误差敏感性。采用蒙特卡洛法结合实际测量评估定位模型精度,探究测角定位误差耦合效应。蒙特卡洛法表明,随着测量次数增加,定位误差在大地直角坐标系上服从均值为 0 的正态分布,空间定位误差从单次定位的 18.71 m减小到 0.28 m,接近测量真值。经过精度影响因素分析,定位误差和测距误差的影响主要取决于误差数值本身,而角度误差和姿态误差的影响还与测量状态密切相关。本文评估了多源异质误差的耦合效应,揭示了各误差源对定位精度的影响机制,为无人机光电成像定位的误差抑制策略制定提供了理论依据,对提升目标定位测量精度具有重要意义。
To improve target positioning accuracy in UAV-based electro-optical imaging and to inform localization methodology and system design, an electro-optical imaging target localization model is developed. Spatial geometric positioning is performed via coordinate transformation, and error sensitivity is quantified using error synthesis theory. Model accuracy is evaluated through Monte Carlo simulations combined with experimental measurements, with emphasis on the coupling effects of angular positioning errors. Monte Carlo results indicate that, as the number of measurements increases, positioning errors in the geodetic Cartesian coordinate system converge to a normal distribution with zero mean. The spatial positioning error is reduced from 18.71 m for a single measurement to 0.28 m with multiple measurements, approaching the actual measurement value. Analysis of accuracy-influencing factors shows that the effects of positioning and ranging errors are predominantly determined by their magnitudes, whereas the impacts of angular and attitude errors are also strongly dependent on the measurement state. This study therefore quantifies the coupling of multi-source heterogeneous errors, clarifies the mechanisms by which distinct error sources affect positioning accuracy, and provides a theoretical foundation for developing error suppression strategies in UAV electro-optical imaging localization, thereby contributing to improved target positioning and measurement precision.
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