1.中国科学院大学,北京 101408
2.中国科学院 微电子研究所,北京 100029
3.南京航空航天大学 自动化学院,江苏 南京 211106
[ "黄云鹏(2000-),男,湖北武汉人,硕士研究生,2023年于武汉大学获得学士学位,主要从事光电精密测量方面的研究。E-mail: huangyunpeng24@ime.ac.cn" ]
[ "董登峰(1981-),男,河南商丘人,博士,研究员,博士生导师,2012年于北京航空航天大学获得博士学位,主要从事光电测量、精密仪器与控制、视觉与AI信息处理等方面的研究。 E-mail:dongdengfeng@ime.ac.cn" ]
收稿:2025-07-01,
修回:2025-07-22,
纸质出版:2025-10-10
移动端阅览
黄云鹏,李洋,邱启帆等.基于惯性-视觉融合姿态解算的隐藏点坐标测量[J].光学精密工程,2025,33(19):3043-3057.
HUANG Yunpeng,LI Yang,QIU Qifan,et al.Hidden point coordinate measurement based on inertial-visual fused attitude estimation[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2025,33(19):3043-3057.
黄云鹏,李洋,邱启帆等.基于惯性-视觉融合姿态解算的隐藏点坐标测量[J].光学精密工程,2025,33(19):3043-3057. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20253319.3043. CSTR: 32169.14.OPE.20253319.3043.
HUANG Yunpeng,LI Yang,QIU Qifan,et al.Hidden point coordinate measurement based on inertial-visual fused attitude estimation[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2025,33(19):3043-3057. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20253319.3043. CSTR: 32169.14.OPE.20253319.3043.
针对大型高端精密制造技术领域对于复杂通视条件下几何特征的高精度测量需求,提出一种基于惯性-视觉融合姿态解算的隐藏点坐标测量方法。首先,分析了隐藏点坐标测量系统的结构与测量原理,并通过蒙特卡洛法分析了影响该系统测量结果不确定度的主要因素;其次,以惯性测量和单目视觉测量所得姿态数据为基础,针对姿态四元数融合过程中的插值路径最优化问题,提出了基于四元数球面线性插值的姿态数据融合方法,建立了惯性-视觉融合姿态解算方案;然后,设计了隐藏点坐标测量系统参数的标定方法;最后,搭建了实验装置并通过参数标定实验和隐藏点坐标测量实验验证了本文所提出方法的有效性和可靠性。实验结果表明:坐标系转换参数矩阵标定结果重复性偏差不超过0.03°,隐藏点测量靶标结构参数标定结果的重复性偏差小于45 μm。基于参数标定结果,应用惯性-视觉融合姿态解算方法求解隐藏点坐标,其坐标测量平均误差相对单目视觉方案降低了60.63%,在10 m内最大空间坐标测量误差不超过130 μm。该方法能够适应典型精密制造现场几何参数测量需求,具备良好的应用前景。
In response to the need for high-precision geometric feature measurement under complex intervisibility conditions in large-scale advanced precision manufacturing, a hidden-point coordinate measurement method based on inertial-visual fused attitude estimation is proposed. The system architecture and measurement principles for hidden-point coordinate determination are analyzed, and Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to identify the principal factors influencing measurement uncertainty. An attitude-fusion approach employing spherical linear interpolation (slerp) for quaternions is introduced to optimize interpolation paths during quaternion fusion, addressing challenges associated with attitude interpolation. On this basis, an inertial–visual fused attitude estimation algorithm is developed. Calibration procedures for the parameters of the hidden-point measurement system are then formulated. An experimental setup is implemented to validate the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method through parameter calibration and hidden-point coordinate measurement experiments. Experimental results indicate that the repeated calibration deviation of the coordinate transformation matrix remains below 0.03°, and the repeated calibration deviation of the structural parameter of the hidden-point target remains below 45 μm, confirming the stability and reliability of the calibration procedures. Based on the calibration results, the inertial–visual fusion method reduces the mean hidden-point coordinate measurement error by 60.63% relative to the monocular-vision method, with the maximum spatial coordinate error kept within 130 μm over a 10 m range. These findings demonstrate that the proposed method meets the geometric measurement requirements of typical high-precision manufacturing environments and exhibits substantial practical potential.
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