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Optics and Precision Engineering

Optics and Precision Engineering Optics and Precision Engineering
  • Editor-in-Chief:Xuejun Zhang, Liangcai Cao
  • ISSN:1004-924X
  • eISSN:2097-3209
  • CN:22-1198/TH
  • Supervisor:Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • Sponsor:Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Instrument and Control Society
  • Publication frequency:Semimonthly
  • Tel.:0431-86176855
  • E-mail:gxjmgc@ciomp.ac.cn
  • Address:No.3888 Dong Nanhu Road, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Volume 34 期 14，2026 2026年第34卷第14期

  • Modern Applied Optics

    ZHANG Zhanfei, HAO Geyang, ZHI Dong, KONG Rongzong, HU Shouchao, WU Guojun, HUANG Long

    DOI：10.37188/OPE.20263414.2125
    摘要：Focusing schlieren technique can capture and measure the transverse structure distribution of single-layer flow field， and plays an important role in flow field visualization and flow field parameter measurement.In order to ensure the flow field measurement effect of the focusing schlieren system in the ultra-high speed environment， the relationship between the depth of sharp focus and the flow deflection angle was derived from the flow field characteristic parameters， which included Mach number and shock angle， etc. The value ranges of the system sensitivity， depth of sharp focus and other indicators were determined according to system measurement requirements. On the basis of imaging principles and optical path characteristics， the optimization of the system parameters was completed， and the system performance was improved. The design of the large-aperture focusing schlieren system with a field of view of Φ300 mm was completed. By setting multiple structures， the source grid-knife edge grid imaging and the flow field target imaging under different object distances were realized. The focusing schlieren system was tested. When the object distance changed within 1 m， the imaging resolution of the system in the test area reached more than 23 lp/mm， and the depth of sharp focus was within 35 mm. The high-speed dynamic flow field was photographed with the system， and the display effect was good. The experimental results show that the designed optical system can meet the needs of fine observation of flow field density.  
    关键词：flow field density;focusing schlieren;Mach number;depth of sharp focus;Optimized design   
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    CAI Zhiwei, LIU Yuxin, YU Wangzhu, SUN Xiaoyun, CAI Zihui, KONG Xinjie

    DOI：10.37188/OPE.20263414.2136
    摘要：For low efficiency and error-sensitive positioning in large structural static testing， a multi-source heterogeneous measurement fusion positioning and mapping method was proposed. Under a unified spatial measurement framework， multi-device collaboration and uncertainty-weighted fusion coordinated laser tracker， 3D scanner， and laser projector measurement. High-precision entity models were constructed using multi-station point cloud splicing technology， and the density-based dynamic neighborhood search algorithm and position correction software automatically compensated for manufacturing deviations. An end-to-end uncertainty transfer model was constructed and verified through Monte Carlo methods. For a model with 66 613 facets， the improved algorithm reduced neighborhood facet retrieval by 38%~45%， shortened calculation time to 18.2-20.5 s， and improved efficiency by 17%-26%. High-density tests based on 200 points showed max 0.454 mm and mean 0.400 mm errors， significantly lower than traditional manual methods. The repeatability test pooled standard deviation was 0.178 mm. Within the 3~10 m measurement range， positioning error remained within 1 mm. Uncertainty analysis showed a combined standard uncertainty of approximately 0.42 mm， consistent with experimental results. For 200-points positioning scenarios， total time decreased from 1 277 min to 95 min， representing efficiency improvement exceeding 100%. This method significantly improves positioning efficiency while maintaining high precision， and achieves interpretability and traceability of measurement results through uncertainty modeling. It demonstrates good stability， adaptability， and engineering application potential under different materials， structures， and measurement distance conditions， providing effective technical support for high-precision rapid positioning in large complex structural testing.  
    关键词：multi-source heterogeneous measurement;fusion positioning;uncertainty propagation;position correction;large-scale structure;strain gauge positioning   
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    GONG Zhifan, HOU Yibing, QU Zhi, JING Xin, HOU Senhao, LI Yan, HUO Zhuoxi, YIN Kailin

    DOI：10.37188/OPE.20263414.2151
    摘要：Distributed optical interferometric detection systems involve multi-level actuators， making it difficult to effectively connect the specifications of different subsystems. To address this problem， this paper proposed a specification decomposition method for optical co-phase control systems based on a geometric model. Based on the geometric characteristics of optical propagation， an optical-path vector model was established for a distributed detector configuration consisting of one combiner and two collectors. The error-transfer chain of the multi-level control system composed of the satellite platform and payload， as well as the mapping relationship between subsystem specifications， was then analyzed. According to the range of satellite-platform pose control errors in engineering applications， static specification decomposition and sensitivity analysis were carried out for the error-transfer process. The closed-loop control objectives of the payload actuators were further quantitatively analyzed and numerically simulated based on the decomposed specifications. Simulation results show that， under the conditions of satellite-platform position error ≤5 cm， attitude error ≤5 arcsec， translational velocity ≤1 mm/s， and angular velocity ≤1 arcsec/s， the multi-level hierarchical control scheme constructed according to the proposed specification decomposition results can achieve stable convergence of co-phase errors. The final pointing and OPD control accuracies reach the levels of 0.01 arcsec and 10 nm， respectively， satisfying the requirements of optical interferometry. This method provides an analysis approach and design reference for control hierarchy division， control-object selection， and specification allocation in similar distributed detection systems.  
    关键词：distributed optical interferometry;co-phase control;specification decomposition;geometric model   
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    LI Meng, CAI Yongming

    DOI：10.37188/OPE.20263414.2166
    摘要：To comprehensively consider the influencing factors of Runway Visual Range （RVR） measurement and to fill the research gap in RVR scattering correction under inhomogeneous atmospheric conditions， this study investigated the influence mechanisms of atmospheric inhomogeneity and multiple scattering on RVR measurement correction under low-visibility conditions. First， a segmented inhomogeneous atmospheric model was established. By combining the empirical relationship between extinction coefficient and visibility， RVR was calculated based on Koschmieder's law and Allard's law， respectively. Second， a multiple-scattering correction factor was introduced for both laws， and its effects on the response relationships of the two laws， the transition between edge lights and center-line lights， and the subsequent determination of operational categories （CAT） were systematically analyzed. Finally， measured lidar echo data were utilized to retrieve extinction coefficient profiles， thereby validating the analytical results obtained from the proposed model. The results demonstrate that under horizontally inhomogeneous atmospheric conditions， compared with the original values， the introduction of the multiple-scattering correction yields the following key outcomes： in an increasing fog field， the reported RVR value decreases by an average of 428 m， and the CAT I/II category boundary retreats 107 m toward the runway threshold， thereby effectively correcting the distal shift bias present in the original results. In a decreasing fog field， the reported RVR decreases by an average of 79 m， and the operational category recovers from the original result of CAT I being maintained throughout the entire runway segment to the true trend of CAT II transitioning to CAT I. In summary， the multiple-scattering correction can effectively eliminate the systematic overestimation of RVR and restore the operational category determination to a reasonable level. This study provides a valuable reference for RVR assessment in airport operational support under low-visibility weather conditions.  
    关键词：Runway Visual Range（RVR）;multiple scattering;inhomogeneous atmosphere;measurement correction;lidar   
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