{"defaultlang":"zh","titlegroup":{"articletitle":[{"lang":"zh","data":[{"name":"text","data":"临近空间816 mm口径望远镜复合支撑主镜组件设计"}]},{"lang":"en","data":[{"name":"text","data":"Design of primary mirror assembly with compound support for"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"Φ"}]},{"name":"text","data":"816 mm near space telescope"}]}]},"contribgroup":{"author":[{"name":[{"lang":"zh","surname":"罗","givenname":"致帮","namestyle":"eastern","prefix":""},{"lang":"en","surname":"LUO","givenname":"Zhi-bang","namestyle":"eastern","prefix":""}],"stringName":[],"aff":[{"rid":"aff1","text":"1"},{"rid":"aff2","text":"2"}],"role":["first-author"],"bio":[{"lang":"zh","text":["罗致帮（1996-），男，江西南昌人，硕士研究生，主要从事天基大口径望远镜光机结构设计方面的研究。E-mail：luozhibang18@mails.ucas.ac.cn"],"graphic":[{"print":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225968&type=","small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225971&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225970&type=","width":"22.01333618","height":"32.00424194","fontsize":""}],"data":[[{"name":"text","data":"罗致帮"},{"name":"text","data":"（1996-），男，江西南昌人，硕士研究生，主要从事天基大口径望远镜光机结构设计方面的研究。E-mail："},{"name":"text","data":"luozhibang18@mails.ucas.ac.cn"}]]}],"email":"luozhibang18@mails.ucas.ac.cn","deceased":false},{"name":[{"lang":"zh","surname":"李","givenname":"巍","namestyle":"eastern","prefix":""},{"lang":"en","surname":"LI","givenname":"Wei","namestyle":"eastern","prefix":""}],"stringName":[],"aff":[{"rid":"aff1","text":"1"},{"rid":"aff2","text":"2"}],"role":["corresp"],"corresp":[{"rid":"cor1","lang":"en","text":"E-mail： leew2006@ciomp.ac.cn","data":[{"name":"text","data":"E-mail： leew2006@ciomp.ac.cn"}]}],"bio":[{"lang":"zh","text":["李　巍（1970-），男，吉林长春人，研究员，硕士生导师，博士。主要从事空间光学遥感器总体设计的研究。E-mail：leew2006@ciomp.ac.cn"],"graphic":[{"print":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225973&type=","small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225977&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225975&type=","width":"22.01333618","height":"32.00408936","fontsize":""}],"data":[[{"name":"text","data":"李　巍"},{"name":"text","data":"（1970-），男，吉林长春人，研究员，硕士生导师，博士。主要从事空间光学遥感器总体设计的研究。E-mail："},{"name":"text","data":"leew2006@ciomp.ac.cn"}]]}],"email":"leew2006@ciomp.ac.cn","deceased":false},{"name":[{"lang":"zh","surname":"徐","givenname":"佳坤","namestyle":"eastern","prefix":""},{"lang":"en","surname":"XU","givenname":"Jia-kun","namestyle":"eastern","prefix":""}],"stringName":[],"aff":[{"rid":"aff1","text":"1"},{"rid":"aff2","text":"2"}],"role":[],"deceased":false},{"name":[{"lang":"zh","surname":"王","givenname":"克军","namestyle":"eastern","prefix":""},{"lang":"en","surname":"WANG","givenname":"Ke-jun","namestyle":"eastern","prefix":""}],"stringName":[],"aff":[{"rid":"aff1","text":"1"}],"role":[],"deceased":false},{"name":[{"lang":"zh","surname":"王","givenname":"晓东","namestyle":"eastern","prefix":""},{"lang":"en","surname":"WANG","givenname":"Xiao-dong","namestyle":"eastern","prefix":""}],"stringName":[],"aff":[{"rid":"aff1","text":"1"}],"role":[],"deceased":false}],"aff":[{"id":"aff1","intro":[{"lang":"zh","label":"1","text":"中国科学院 长春精密机械与物理研究所，吉林  长春  130033","data":[{"name":"text","data":"中国科学院 长春精密机械与物理研究所，吉林  长春  130033"}]},{"lang":"en","label":"1","text":"Changchun Institute of Optics， Fine Mechanics and Physics， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Changchun  130033， China","data":[{"name":"text","data":"Changchun Institute of Optics， Fine Mechanics and Physics， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Changchun  130033， China"}]}]},{"id":"aff2","intro":[{"lang":"zh","label":"2","text":"中国科学院大学 材料与光电研究中心，北京  100049","data":[{"name":"text","data":"中国科学院大学 材料与光电研究中心，北京  100049"}]},{"lang":"en","label":"2","text":"Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering， University of Chinese Academy of Sciences， Beijing  100049， China","data":[{"name":"text","data":"Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering， University of Chinese Academy of Sciences， Beijing  100049， China"}]}]}]},"abstracts":[{"lang":"zh","data":[{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"针对某临近空间望远镜高面形精度和0°~65°观测角度的要求，设计了816 mm口径的SiC主镜组件。依据经验公式和拓扑优化方法，完成了主镜的设计，基于大口径反射镜复合支撑原理、功能分配和指标分配以及解耦标准设计了主镜支撑组件，最后根据支撑结构形式和装配公差要求设计了主镜组件装配工装并制定了装配工艺流程。对主镜组件进行了静力学和动力学仿真验证，然后对主镜组件进行振动、面形检测和倾角等试验验证。试验结果表明，主镜组件在光轴水平，1 g重力作用下面形精度RMS值为0.019"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"λ"}]},{"name":"text","data":"（"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"λ"}]},{"name":"text","data":"=632.8 nm），反射镜翻转180°后的面形RMS为0.02"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"λ"}]},{"name":"text","data":"；总质量为102.7 kg，基频为171 Hz，振动前后RMS值基本不变，与分析结果吻合。证明该主镜组件的设计与装调工艺的合理性，满足临近空间望远镜的设计要求。"}]}]},{"lang":"en","data":[{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"To meet the requirements of the near-surface telescope's high surface accuracy and 0°-65° observation angle， a"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"Φ"}]},{"name":"text","data":"816-mm SiC aperture primary mirror assembly was designed. The design of the primary mirror was completed according to the empirical formula and topology optimization method. Based on the principle of compound support of large-aperture mirrors and the methods of function allocation and index allocation， a primary mirror support assembly was designed， and decoupling standards were formulated. According to the supporting structure and assembly tolerance design requirements for the primary mirror component assembly tooling and assembly process. Finite-element software was used to verify the statics and dynamics of the primary mirror assembly， and the primary mirror assembly was verified by performing experiments such as vibration， surface shape detection， and inclination. The test results show that the primary mirror assembly is at the optical axis level， RMS value of the profiling accuracy under the action of 1 g gravity is 0.019"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"λ"}]},{"name":"text","data":" （"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"λ"}]},{"name":"text","data":"=632.8 nm）， and RMS of the surface shape after the mirror is turned by 180° is 0.02"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"λ"}]},{"name":"text","data":". The total mass is 102.7 kg， fundamental frequency is 171 Hz， and RMS values before and after vibration are unchanged， which is consistent with the analysis results. The results proved that the design and installation process of the composite support are reasonable， and that they meet the design requirements of near-space telescopes."}]}]}],"keyword":[{"lang":"zh","data":[[{"name":"text","data":"临近空间"}],[{"name":"text","data":"复合支撑"}],[{"name":"text","data":"仿真分析"}],[{"name":"text","data":"面形检测"}],[{"name":"text","data":"力学试验"}]]},{"lang":"en","data":[[{"name":"text","data":"near space"}],[{"name":"text","data":"compound support"}],[{"name":"text","data":"simulation analysis"}],[{"name":"text","data":"surface shape error test"}],[{"name":"text","data":"mechanical test"}]]}],"highlights":[],"body":[{"name":"sec","data":[{"name":"sectitle","data":{"title":[{"name":"text","data":"1 引　言"}],"level":"1","id":"s1"}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"临近空间一般是指海拔高度20~100 km范围内的区域，该区域大气稀薄，位于大气层上端，各波段信息未经大气层衰减，可以获取接近太空观测的图像质量，浮空器平台可以在这个区域的30~40 km左右高度稳定停留，并且可回收重复使用，性价比高，逐渐成为一种重要的科学研究平台。美国在该领域发展最为突出，其浮空器平台同时具备重载（几吨量级）、长航时（近百天）、高精度指向和稳定性（亚角秒）。美国NASA的气球项目办公室负责美国所有的气球飞行与研究项目，其从上世纪70年代建立以来，开展了大量的气球飞行试验，研究目标涵盖宇宙微波背景辐射、高能宇宙射线、行星、彗星及太阳观测等诸多方面。已开展的典型浮空器平台有效载荷项目包括球载大口径亚毫米望远镜（BLAST），球载成像测试平台-亚角秒望远镜与气球实验（BIT-STABLE），BRRISON（Balloon Rapid Response for the comet ISON），GHAPS（Gondola for High Altitude Planetary Science）等 "},{"name":"sup","data":[{"name":"text","data":"［"},{"name":"blockXref","data":{"data":[{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"1","type":"bibr","rid":"R1","data":[{"name":"text","data":"1"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"-"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"3","type":"bibr","rid":"R3","data":[{"name":"text","data":"3"}]}}],"rid":["R1","R2","R3"],"text":"1-3","type":"bibr"}},{"name":"text","data":"］"}]},{"name":"text","data":"。这些相关项目飞行高度均为30~40 km，载荷口径0.5~2 m，载重量2 t左右，持续工作时间大于24 h，观测谱段从紫外到红外，指向精度在10″量级，1~30 min积分时间内二级稳像稳定度甚至可达亚角秒0.1″以内。"}]},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"行星大气光谱望远镜要求望远镜系统具有紫外到可见（280~680 nm）波段科学图像获取能力、30 km以上临近空间观测和回收环境适应能力。主镜组件作为望远镜的关键部件，口径达到816 mm，并且在观测过程中存在0°~65°的俯仰角度变化，给主镜组件的设计、加工和装调工艺带来了难度。本文从反射镜的传统支撑原理、轻量化结构设计等方面入手完成了主镜镜体的设计，再通过研究大口径反射镜的支撑原理制定了复合支撑解耦标准，采用功能分配和指标分配的设计方法完成了主镜支撑结构的设计，根据质心测试结果和装配公差要求设计了主镜组件装配工装及装配工艺，并通过有限元仿真和试验验证的手段验证了各工况下主镜组件的性能。"}]}]},{"name":"sec","data":[{"name":"sectitle","data":{"title":[{"name":"text","data":"2 主要设计指标"}],"level":"1","id":"s2"}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"本文所研究的主镜为平凹反射镜，有效通光口径为800 mm，外径为816 mm，中心孔径为160 mm，镜面曲率半径为2 751.5 mm，选用高比刚度和高稳定性的SiC材料。根据光学系统误差分配得到的主镜组件各项指标要求如"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"表1","type":"table","rid":"T1","data":[{"name":"text","data":"表1"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"所示。"}]},{"name":"table","data":{"id":"T1","caption":[{"lang":"zh","label":[{"name":"text","data":"表1"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"主镜组件技术指标"}]},{"lang":"en","label":[{"name":"text","data":"Tab.1"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"Specification of primary mirror subsystem"}]}],"note":[],"table":[{"head":[[{"align":"center","style":"border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"序号"}]},{"align":"center","style":"border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"名称"}]},{"align":"center","style":"border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"指标"}]}]],"body":[[{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"1"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"综合作用下主镜面形精度（0°和90°）"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"＜"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"λ"}]},{"name":"text","data":"/50（12.6 nm）"}]}],[{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"2"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"综合作用下主镜位移变化（径向/轴向）"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"＜±0.01 mm"}]}],[{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"3"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"模态"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"＞120 Hz"}]}],[{"align":"center","style":"border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"4"}]},{"align":"center","style":"border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"质量"}]},{"align":"center","style":"border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"＜110 kg"}]}]],"foot":[]}],"graphics":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225982&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225979&type=","width":"76.89950562","height":"36.32500458","fontsize":""}}}]},{"name":"sec","data":[{"name":"sectitle","data":{"title":[{"name":"text","data":"3 主镜设计"}],"level":"1","id":"s3"}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"对于816 mm口径的天基反射镜来说，采用传统的背部3点支撑完全满足主镜组件的设计要求，但本文中的望远镜存在0°~65°观测角度的变化，即存在光轴竖直（接近）工作的状态，背部3点支撑难以满足要求。要保证光轴竖直状态的面形精度，背部支撑点的最少个数可由Hall"},{"name":"sup","data":[{"name":"text","data":"［"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"4","type":"bibr","rid":"R4","data":[{"name":"text","data":"4"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"］"}]},{"name":"text","data":"给出的最少支撑点数计算经验"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"公式（1）","type":"disp-formula","rid":"DF1","data":[{"name":"text","data":"公式（1）"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"来推算："}]},{"name":"dispformula","data":{"label":[{"name":"text","data":"（1）"}],"data":[{"name":"math","data":{"math":"<math display=\"block\" id=\"M1\"><mi>N</mi><mo>=</mo><mfenced separators=\"|\"><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">1.5</mn><msup><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow><mrow><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfenced><msup><mrow><mfenced separators=\"|\"><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mi>ρ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>E</mi><mi>δ</mi></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfenced></mrow><mrow><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">0.5</mn></mrow></msup></math>","graphicsData":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225985&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225983&type=","width":"31.07266808","height":"9.82133293","fontsize":""}}},{"name":"text","data":"，"}],"id":"DF1"}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"式中："},{"name":"inlineformula","data":[{"name":"math","data":{"math":"<math id=\"M2\"><mi>r</mi></math>","graphicsData":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225987&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225986&type=","width":"1.52399993","height":"2.79399991","fontsize":""}}}]},{"name":"text","data":"为主镜半径；"},{"name":"inlineformula","data":[{"name":"math","data":{"math":"<math id=\"M3\"><mi>t</mi></math>","graphicsData":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225989&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225988&type=","width":"1.10066664","height":"2.79399991","fontsize":""}}}]},{"name":"text","data":"为主镜的厚度；"},{"name":"inlineformula","data":[{"name":"math","data":{"math":"<math id=\"M4\"><mi>E</mi></math>","graphicsData":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225991&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225990&type=","width":"2.62466669","height":"2.79399991","fontsize":""}}}]},{"name":"text","data":"为材料弹性模量；"},{"name":"inlineformula","data":[{"name":"math","data":{"math":"<math id=\"M5\"><mi>δ</mi></math>","graphicsData":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225995&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225993&type=","width":"1.94733334","height":"2.79399991","fontsize":""}}}]},{"name":"text","data":"为面形PV值。"}]},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"面型设计指标要求及面形PV约为面形RMS值6倍的关系，可推出PV值不大于30 nm。由"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"公式（1）","type":"disp-formula","rid":"DF1","data":[{"name":"text","data":"公式（1）"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"，轴向支撑点至少需要6个。而目前针对周边支撑点个数的确定尚无经验公式可供参考，因此拟选用背部6点+周边6点支撑的复合支撑形式。"}]},{"name":"sec","data":[{"name":"sectitle","data":{"title":[{"name":"text","data":"3.1　支撑位置设计"}],"level":"2","id":"s3a"}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"对于背部6点支撑来说，支撑点所在分布圆直径为镜体直径的0.645倍时，光轴竖直工况下面形精度最优，考虑背部轻量化孔的大小及轻量化筋的布局，最终确定6个支撑点分布于镜体背部"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"Φ"}]},{"name":"text","data":"519.62 mm的圆周上，呈60°分布。"}]},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"对于周边支撑位置来说，为避免在光轴水平状态时，镜体翻转产生的力矩所导致的镜面面形变化，周边支撑应该通过镜体在光轴方向的质心面"},{"name":"sup","data":[{"name":"text","data":"［"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"4","type":"bibr","rid":"R4","data":[{"name":"text","data":"4"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"］"}]},{"name":"text","data":"。通过有限元分析，周边支撑6点最终形式为：6点分为3组在直径为722 mm的圆周上120°均布，每组两点之间的角度为45°，如"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"图1","type":"fig","rid":"F1","data":[{"name":"text","data":"图1"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"所示。"}]},{"name":"fig","data":{"id":"F1","caption":[{"lang":"zh","label":[{"name":"text","data":"图1"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"主镜支撑点位置布局"}]},{"lang":"en","label":[{"name":"text","data":"Fig.1"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"Primary mirror points support location layout"}]}],"subcaption":[],"note":[],"graphics":[{"print":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225997&type=","small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226001&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10225999&type=","width":"75.01467133","height":"63.37299728","fontsize":""}]}}]},{"name":"sec","data":[{"name":"sectitle","data":{"title":[{"name":"text","data":"3.2　轻量化设计"}],"level":"2","id":"s3b"}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"据Robert"},{"name":"sup","data":[{"name":"text","data":"［"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"5","type":"bibr","rid":"R5","data":[{"name":"text","data":"5"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"］"}]},{"name":"text","data":"等人对自重变形与径厚比的研究提出的经验公式如"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"式（2）","type":"disp-formula","rid":"DF2","data":[{"name":"text","data":"式（2）"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"所示："}]},{"name":"dispformula","data":{"label":[{"name":"text","data":"（2）"}],"data":[{"name":"math","data":{"math":"<math 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mathvariant=\"normal\">3.3</mn><mtext>  </mtext><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">μ</mi><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">m</mi></math>","graphicsData":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226048&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226046&type=","width":"76.96199799","height":"7.45066643","fontsize":""}}}]},{"name":"text","data":"，远小于0.01 mm，因此在2.66 N的径向力作用下，柔性细杆只要能满足支撑解耦要求，就能够满足热变形要求。"}]},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"依据主镜背部支撑孔的大小及背部空间的大小，柔性细杆的初步设计为长50 mm，外径为12 mm，内径为6 mm的空心圆柱，两端为厚3.5 mm，直径"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"Φ"}]},{"name":"text","data":"41 mm（与锥套直径相同）的法兰面。"}]},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"在其一端施加2.66 N的径向载荷，通过挠度计算公式可计算出其端面产生径向的最大位移： "},{"name":"inlineformula","data":[{"name":"math","data":{"math":"<math id=\"M9\"><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">m</mi><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">a</mi><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">x</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">1.06</mn><mtext> </mtext><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">μ</mi><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">m</mi></math>","graphicsData":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226052&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226050&type=","width":"23.36800003","height":"4.57200003","fontsize":""}}}]},{"name":"text","data":"，远小于解耦要求的"},{"name":"inlineformula","data":[{"name":"math","data":{"math":"<math id=\"M10\"><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">10</mn><mtext> </mtext><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">μ</mi><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">m</mi></math>","graphicsData":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226057&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226055&type=","width":"9.31333351","height":"3.64066648","fontsize":""}}}]},{"name":"text","data":"，所以还需增加柔性细杆的径向柔度。增加径向柔度可通过减小空心圆柱外径尺寸和在圆柱杆上开槽等方式。本文选择在圆柱杆上开槽的方式来增加径向柔度。"}]},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"柔槽结构及设计参数如"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"图5","type":"fig","rid":"F5","data":[{"name":"text","data":"图5"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"所示。"}]},{"name":"fig","data":{"id":"F5","caption":[{"lang":"zh","label":[{"name":"text","data":"图5"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"柔性细杆尺寸参数图"}]},{"lang":"en","label":[{"name":"text","data":"Fig.5"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"Size parameters of the flexible thin rod figure"}]}],"subcaption":[],"note":[],"graphics":[{"print":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226059&type=","small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226063&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226061&type=","width":"75.01467133","height":"52.91666412","fontsize":""}]}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"由轴向刚体位移约束及解耦要求可以建立不等式："}]},{"name":"dispformula","data":{"label":[{"name":"text","data":"（4）"}],"data":[{"name":"math","data":{"math":"<math display=\"block\" id=\"M11\"><mfenced open=\"{\" close=\"\" separators=\"|\"><mrow><mtable><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">Δ</mi><mi>l</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>l</mi></mrow><mrow><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">6</mn><mi>E</mi><mi>A</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">53.2</mn><mo>×</mo><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">0.05</mn></mrow><mrow><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">1.09</mn><mi>e</mi><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">11</mn><mo>×</mo><mi>A</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo><</mo><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">3</mn><mi>e</mi><mo>-</mo><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">6</mn></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>ω</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>P</mi><msup><mrow><mi>l</mi></mrow><mrow><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">2</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">2</mn><mi>E</mi><mi>I</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>P</mi><msup><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">3</mn></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">6</mn><mi>E</mi><mi>I</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>></mo><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">1</mn><mi>e</mi><mo>-</mo><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">5</mn></mtd></mtr></mtable></mrow></mfenced></math>","graphicsData":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226067&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226065&type=","width":"60.36733627","height":"18.28800011","fontsize":""}}},{"name":"text","data":"，"}],"id":"DF4"}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"其中："},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"A"}]},{"name":"text","data":"为柔槽的横截面积；"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"x"}]},{"name":"text","data":"为距柔性细杆左端面的距离；"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"L"}]},{"name":"text","data":"为柔槽长度。在线弹性范围内，根据挠度叠加原理即可求得在满足柔槽截面面积大于8.13 mm"},{"name":"sup","data":[{"name":"text","data":"2"}]},{"name":"text","data":"的条件下"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"L"}]},{"name":"text","data":"的取值范围为："}]},{"name":"dispformula","data":{"label":[{"name":"text","data":"（5）"}],"data":[{"name":"text","data":"0.4 mm<L<40 mm."}],"id":"DF5"}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"所以初步选定"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"L"}]},{"name":"text","data":"的值为4 mm，柔槽的横截面积"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"A"}]},{"name":"text","data":"为14 mm"},{"name":"sup","data":[{"name":"text","data":"2"}]},{"name":"text","data":"，柔性细杆最终模型如"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"图6","type":"fig","rid":"F6","data":[{"name":"text","data":"图6"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"所示。"}]},{"name":"fig","data":{"id":"F6","caption":[{"lang":"zh","label":[{"name":"text","data":"图6"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"柔性细杆及径向变形图"}]},{"lang":"en","label":[{"name":"text","data":"Fig.6"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"Flexible thin rod and deformation trend in radial direction"}]}],"subcaption":[],"note":[],"graphics":[{"print":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226069&type=","small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226072&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226070&type=","width":"75.01467133","height":"22.90233231","fontsize":""}]}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"图6","type":"fig","rid":"F6","data":[{"name":"text","data":"图6"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"是对柔性细杆左端面施加固定约束，右端面施加2.66 N径向力的工况下，小柔节的变形云图，在2.66 N径向力作用下，柔性细杆右端面产生的位移为0.045 mm，大于0.01 mm，满足与周边支撑的解耦要求。"}]}]},{"name":"sec","data":[{"name":"sectitle","data":{"title":[{"name":"text","data":"4"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"."}]},{"name":"text","data":"3"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"."}]},{"name":"text","data":"2　横杠结构设计"}],"level":"3","id":"s4c2"}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"横杠上两个支撑点间的跨度大，并承载较大的镜体重量，需要高比刚度材料，因此选用比刚度高于钛合金的SiC/Al复合材料。设计时根据背部支撑结构的结构形式以及反射镜背部空间大小，加工工艺和装配工艺等因素，初步设计横杠结构如"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"图7","type":"fig","rid":"F7","data":[{"name":"text","data":"图7"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"。将横杠、柔性细杆和主镜装配，建立有限元模型施加垂直镜面的重力载荷，计算横杠结构在光轴方向的刚体位移为0.99 μm，满足设计要求，且质量仅有1.18 kg，无须拓扑优化。"}]},{"name":"fig","data":{"id":"F7","caption":[{"lang":"zh","label":[{"name":"text","data":"图7"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"横杠结构三维模型"}]},{"lang":"en","label":[{"name":"text","data":"Fig.7"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"3D model of the lever"}]}],"subcaption":[],"note":[],"graphics":[{"print":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226075&type=","small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226078&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226077&type=","width":"75.01467133","height":"24.55333328","fontsize":""}]}}]},{"name":"sec","data":[{"name":"sectitle","data":{"title":[{"name":"text","data":"4"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"."}]},{"name":"text","data":"3"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"."}]},{"name":"text","data":"3　转轴结构设计"}],"level":"3","id":"s4c3"}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"转轴一端连接横杠结构，一端连接修研垫，即主镜室。作用是消除柔性细杆长度加工误差带来的装配应力与镜室局部变形导致的转轴与镜室连接法兰面的倾角变化。"}]},{"name":"fig","data":{"id":"F8","caption":[{"lang":"zh","label":[{"name":"text","data":"图8"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"转轴三维模型"}]},{"lang":"en","label":[{"name":"text","data":"Fig.8"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"3D model of great flexible structure"}]}],"subcaption":[],"note":[],"graphics":[{"print":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226083&type=","small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226087&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226085&type=","width":"75.01467133","height":"37.59199905","fontsize":""}]}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"转轴轴向刚度要高，满足预分配指标，轴向刚体位移小于0.002 mm，将转轴与横杠、柔性细杆和主镜装配，在三个转轴的任意一个与修研垫连接的法兰面上施加0.01 mm的不平面度误差（由施加于镜室上的0.05 mm不平面度误差转化而来），进行有限元分析，然后通过调整柔性环节弹片的厚度，来保证镜面面形精度满足设计值。"}]},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"在背部支撑组件的设计过程中，要保证整个支撑结构的重心通过转轴。只有这样光轴水平时，背部whiffletree结构的重量才会全部施加在主镜室上，不会对主镜产生额外的倾覆力矩。"}]}]}]},{"name":"sec","data":[{"name":"sectitle","data":{"title":[{"name":"text","data":"4.4　周边支撑设计"}],"level":"2","id":"s4d"}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"周边支撑约束主镜的三个空间自由度"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"R"},{"name":"sub","data":[{"name":"text","data":"x"}]}]},{"name":"text","data":"，"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"T"},{"name":"sub","data":[{"name":"text","data":"y"}]}]},{"name":"text","data":"，"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"T"},{"name":"sub","data":[{"name":"text","data":"z"}]}]},{"name":"text","data":"，在主镜光轴水平时起支撑作用，分散支撑力，且要与背部支撑约束的三个自由度解耦。周边支撑结构分为三组，绕主镜周边120°均布，周边支撑由A型框、切向拉杆和殷刚垫组成，结构如"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"图9","type":"fig","rid":"F9","data":[{"name":"text","data":"图9"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"所示。"}]},{"name":"fig","data":{"id":"F9","caption":[{"lang":"zh","label":[{"name":"text","data":"图9"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"周边支撑结构"}]},{"lang":"en","label":[{"name":"text","data":"Fig.9"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"Peripheral support structure"}]}],"subcaption":[],"note":[],"graphics":[{"print":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226089&type=","small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226093&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226091&type=","width":"75.01467133","height":"26.24666595","fontsize":""}]}},{"name":"sec","data":[{"name":"sectitle","data":{"title":[{"name":"text","data":"4"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"."}]},{"name":"text","data":"4"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"."}]},{"name":"text","data":"1　殷刚垫结构及支撑位置设计"}],"level":"3","id":"s4d1"}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"殷钢垫是支撑结构与主镜的一个连接过渡件，用胶粘的方式与主镜连接在一起，以螺钉连接的方式与支撑结构连接。依据最小粘接面的大小经验公式确定了殷刚垫的大小，为一个20 mm×10 mm×50 mm的长方体。"}]},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"为了确定周边支撑在光轴方向的位置，分别计算周边支撑在质心平面、距质心平面"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"-"}]},{"name":"text","data":"5.0 mm，"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"-"}]},{"name":"text","data":"2.5 mm，+2.5 mm和+5.0 mm，5种工况下主镜的倾角和RMS值，其中“"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"-"}]},{"name":"text","data":"”表示周边支撑向镜面方向移动，“+”号表示周边支撑向主镜背部移动。有限元分析结果如"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"图10","type":"fig","rid":"F10","data":[{"name":"text","data":"图10"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"所示。"}]},{"name":"fig","data":{"id":"F10","caption":[{"lang":"zh","label":[{"name":"text","data":"图10"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"周边支撑位置与主镜倾角和RMS值的关系"}]},{"lang":"en","label":[{"name":"text","data":"Fig.10"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"Relationship between peripheral block position， tilt angle and RMS value of primary mirror"}]}],"subcaption":[],"note":[],"graphics":[{"print":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226095&type=","small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226099&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226097&type=","width":"75.01467133","height":"31.83466721","fontsize":""}]}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"分析结果表明在主镜组件装调时，周边支撑应该跨过垂直光轴的主镜重心平面上。然而由于实际的主镜材料分布不均、壁厚尺寸公差等因素，无法精确的定位质心平面，所以在A框支腿端部设计腰形孔来调节如"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"图11","type":"fig","rid":"F11","data":[{"name":"text","data":"图11"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"所示。待镜体粗加工完成后，利用质心惯量测试仪对主镜在光轴方向的质心面进行测试，依据实测值再进行支撑组件的装调"},{"name":"sup","data":[{"name":"text","data":"［"},{"name":"blockXref","data":{"data":[{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"12","type":"bibr","rid":"R12","data":[{"name":"text","data":"12"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"-"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"14","type":"bibr","rid":"R14","data":[{"name":"text","data":"14"}]}}],"rid":["R12","R13","R14"],"text":"12-14","type":"bibr"}},{"name":"text","data":"］"}]},{"name":"text","data":"。"}]},{"name":"fig","data":{"id":"F11","caption":[{"lang":"zh","label":[{"name":"text","data":"图11"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"腰孔示意图"}]},{"lang":"en","label":[{"name":"text","data":"Fig.11"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"Schematic diagram of waist hole"}]}],"subcaption":[],"note":[],"graphics":[{"print":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226101&type=","small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226105&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226103&type=","width":"75.01467133","height":"31.32666779","fontsize":""}]}}]},{"name":"sec","data":[{"name":"sectitle","data":{"title":[{"name":"text","data":"4"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"."}]},{"name":"text","data":"4"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"."}]},{"name":"text","data":"2　A型框结构设计"}],"level":"3","id":"s4d2"}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"A型框沿主镜周边切向布置，将支撑点由一点分为两点，增加支撑点数，减小支撑跨距，改善镜面面形。"}]},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"A型框的主要设计参数如"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"图12","type":"fig","rid":"F12","data":[{"name":"text","data":"图12"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"所示。主要结构参数包含两支腿间角度"},{"name":"inlineformula","data":[{"name":"math","data":{"math":"<math id=\"M12\"><mi>φ</mi></math>","graphicsData":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226109&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226107&type=","width":"2.37066674","height":"3.64066648","fontsize":""}}}]},{"name":"text","data":"，径向柔节厚度"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"t"}]},{"name":"sub","data":[{"name":"text","data":"1"}]},{"name":"text","data":"、宽度"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"w"}]},{"name":"sub","data":[{"name":"text","data":"1"}]},{"name":"text","data":"，轴向柔节厚度"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"t"}]},{"name":"sub","data":[{"name":"text","data":"2"}]},{"name":"text","data":"、宽度"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"w"}]},{"name":"sub","data":[{"name":"text","data":"2"}]},{"name":"text","data":"，支腿轴向宽度 "},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"d"}]},{"name":"sub","data":[{"name":"text","data":"1"}]},{"name":"text","data":"，支腿径向宽度"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"d"}]},{"name":"sub","data":[{"name":"text","data":"2"}]},{"name":"text","data":"，轴向柔节间距"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"L"}]},{"name":"sub","data":[{"name":"text","data":"1"}]},{"name":"text","data":"。"}]},{"name":"fig","data":{"id":"F12","caption":[{"lang":"zh","label":[{"name":"text","data":"图12"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"A型框结构参数"}]},{"lang":"en","label":[{"name":"text","data":"Fig.12"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"Parameters of the A frame"}]}],"subcaption":[],"note":[],"graphics":[{"print":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226113&type=","small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226123&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226120&type=","width":"75.01467133","height":"44.23833466","fontsize":""}]}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"为确定A型框两支腿之间的角度"},{"name":"inlineformula","data":[{"name":"math","data":{"math":"<math id=\"M13\"><mi>φ</mi></math>","graphicsData":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226129&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226126&type=","width":"2.37066674","height":"3.64066648","fontsize":""}}}]},{"name":"text","data":"，对"},{"name":"inlineformula","data":[{"name":"math","data":{"math":"<math id=\"M14\"><mi>φ</mi></math>","graphicsData":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226136&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226132&type=","width":"2.37066674","height":"3.64066648","fontsize":""}}}]},{"name":"text","data":"分别取120°，130°，140°和150°进行有限元分析，在3个A型框的顶端施加固定约束，沿"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"-X"}]},{"name":"text","data":"方向施加重力载荷，获得了"},{"name":"inlineformula","data":[{"name":"math","data":{"math":"<math 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id=\"M19\"><mi>φ</mi></math>","graphicsData":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226165&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226164&type=","width":"2.37066674","height":"3.64066648","fontsize":""}}}]},{"name":"text","data":"定为120°。"}]},{"name":"fig","data":{"id":"F13","caption":[{"lang":"zh","label":[{"name":"text","data":"图13"}],"title":[{"name":"inlineformula","data":[{"name":"math","data":{"math":"<math id=\"M20\"><mi>φ</mi></math>","graphicsData":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226171&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226168&type=","width":"2.03200006","height":"3.13266659","fontsize":""}}}]},{"name":"text","data":"与RMS的关系"}]},{"lang":"en","label":[{"name":"text","data":"Fig.13"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"Relationship between 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RMS"}]}],"subcaption":[],"note":[],"graphics":[{"print":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226180&type=","small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226187&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226183&type=","width":"75.01467133","height":"55.03333664","fontsize":""}]}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"A型框支腿角度确定之后，为满足主镜的刚体位移、面型精度、基频和解耦要求，采用综合评价因子F评价各设计参数对主镜在光轴竖直时承受主镜5%的重量时产生的轴向刚体位移"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"D"},{"name":"sub","data":[{"name":"text","data":"A"}]}]},{"name":"text","data":"，主镜光轴水平时的径向刚体位移"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"D"},{"name":"sub","data":[{"name":"text","data":"R"}]}]},{"name":"text","data":"、镜面面形 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of initial A frame structure"}]}],"note":[],"table":[{"head":[[{"align":"center","style":"border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"结构参数"}]},{"align":"center","style":"border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"初始尺寸"}]},{"align":"center","style":"border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"取值范围"}]}]],"body":[[{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"t"}]},{"name":"sub","data":[{"name":"text","data":"1"}]}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"3"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"1~5"}]}],[{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"t"}]},{"name":"sub","data":[{"name":"text","data":"2"}]}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"3"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"1~5"}]}],[{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"d"}]},{"name":"sub","data":[{"name":"text","data":"1"}]}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"14"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"12~16"}]}],[{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"d"}]},{"name":"sub","data":[{"name":"text","data":"2"}]}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"14"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"12~16"}]}],[{"align":"center","style":"border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"w"}]},{"name":"sub","data":[{"name":"text","data":"2"}]}]},{"align":"center","style":"border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"4"}]},{"align":"center","style":"border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"2~6"}]}]],"foot":[]}],"graphics":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226192&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226189&type=","width":"76.90000153","height":"31.05001068","fontsize":""},"cellunit":[{"lang":"en","data":[{"name":"text","data":"mm"}]}]}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"主镜综合评价因子："}]},{"name":"dispformula","data":{"label":[{"name":"text","data":"（6）"}],"data":[{"name":"math","data":{"math":"<math display=\"block\" id=\"M22\"><mi>F</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">1</mn></mrow><mrow><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">5</mn></mrow></mfrac><mfenced separators=\"|\"><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">15.1</mn></mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>A</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow></msub></mrow><mrow><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">7.36</mn></mrow></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>R</mi><mi>M</mi><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow></msub></mrow><mrow><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">1.28</mn></mrow></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>R</mi><mi>M</mi><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow></msub></mrow><mrow><mn mathvariant=\"normal\">1.26</mn></mrow></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn 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of different structural parameters on 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15"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"Self-weight deformation diagram of mirror with horizontal optical axis"}]}],"subcaption":[],"note":[],"graphics":[{"print":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226213&type=","small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226222&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226217&type=","width":"75.01467133","height":"35.94099808","fontsize":""}]}},{"name":"fig","data":{"id":"F16","caption":[{"lang":"zh","label":[{"name":"text","data":"图16"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"光轴竖直镜面自重变形图"}]},{"lang":"en","label":[{"name":"text","data":"Fig. 16"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"Self-weight deformation diagram of mirror with vertical optical axis"}]}],"subcaption":[],"note":[],"graphics":[{"print":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226225&type=","small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226230&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226228&type=","width":"75.01467133","height":"35.94099808","fontsize":""}]}},{"name":"table","data":{"id":"T6","caption":[{"lang":"zh","label":[{"name":"text","data":"表6"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"支撑解耦分析结果"}]},{"lang":"en","label":[{"name":"text","data":"Tab.6"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"Support decoupling analysis results"}]}],"note":[],"table":[{"head":[[{"align":"center","style":"border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"光轴方向"}]},{"colspan":"2","align":"center","style":"border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"光轴水平"}]},{"colspan":"2","align":"center","style":"border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"光轴竖直"}]}]],"body":[[{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"支撑类型"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"周边支撑"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"周边+背部支撑"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"背部支撑"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"周边+背部支撑"}]}],[{"align":"center","style":"border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"RMS/nm"}]},{"align":"center","style":"border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"1.34"}]},{"align":"center","style":"border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"1.40"}]},{"align":"center","style":"border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"3.96"}]},{"align":"center","style":"border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"4.04"}]}]],"foot":[]}],"graphics":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226239&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226236&type=","width":"76.89949036","height":"21.37707520","fontsize":""}}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"根据上述分析结果，光轴水平时，复合支撑面形RMS值较周边支撑单独工作增大了4.5%；光轴竖直时，复合支撑面形RMS值较背部支撑单独工作增大了2%。由支撑互相耦合引起的面形变化均在5%以内，可认为复合支撑满足解耦要求。"}]}]}]},{"name":"sec","data":[{"name":"sectitle","data":{"title":[{"name":"text","data":"5 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nm的稳定度和5 nm的镜面加工残差合成最终面形精度结果为7 nm，优于设计要求的12.6 nm。由于主镜组件为轴对称结构，理论上均匀温升对其倾角和径向位移变化无影响，同时光轴方向的位移变化量也极小并且可通过调焦机构调整适应，因此仅重力变化下的倾角和刚体位移即代表了综合作用下的倾角和刚体位移。"}]}]},{"name":"sec","data":[{"name":"sectitle","data":{"title":[{"name":"text","data":"5.2　动力学分析"}],"level":"2","id":"s5b"}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"对主镜组件进行模态分析，前三阶固有振型如"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"图20","type":"fig","rid":"F20","data":[{"name":"text","data":"图20"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"所示，前三阶固有频率见"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"表8","type":"table","rid":"T8","data":[{"name":"text","data":"表8"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"。有限元分析结果表明，主镜组件的一阶频率为159.9 Hz，满足设计指标要求的120 Hz。"}]},{"name":"fig","data":{"id":"F20","caption":[{"lang":"zh","label":[{"name":"text","data":"图20"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"前三阶固有频率"}]},{"lang":"en","label":[{"name":"text","data":"Fig.20"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"The first three natural 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frequencies"}]}],"note":[],"table":[{"head":[[{"align":"center","style":"border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"阶次"}]},{"align":"center","style":"border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"模态/Hz"}]},{"align":"center","style":"border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"振型描述"}]}]],"body":[[{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"1"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"159.9"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"绕"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"Z"}]},{"name":"text","data":"轴摆动"}]}],[{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"2"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"160.5"}]},{"align":"center","data":[{"name":"text","data":"绕"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"Y"}]},{"name":"text","data":"轴摆动"}]}],[{"align":"center","style":"border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"3"}]},{"align":"center","style":"border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"189.2"}]},{"align":"center","style":"border-bottom:solid;","data":[{"name":"text","data":"沿光轴前后振动"}]}]],"foot":[]}],"graphics":{"small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226288&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226285&type=","width":"76.90000153","height":"20.70001221","fontsize":""}}}]}]},{"name":"sec","data":[{"name":"sectitle","data":{"title":[{"name":"text","data":"6 主镜组件装调"}],"level":"1","id":"s6"}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"主镜在改性后，为避免加工应力对镜面面型产生影响，须安装支撑组件后再加工。在组件装配前须确定主镜的质心平面，利用质心惯量测试仪对主镜在光轴方向的质心面进行测试如"},{"name":"xref","data":{"text":"图21","type":"fig","rid":"F21","data":[{"name":"text","data":"图21"}]}},{"name":"text","data":"所示。"}]},{"name":"fig","data":{"id":"F21","caption":[{"lang":"zh","label":[{"name":"text","data":"图21"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"质心测试"}]},{"lang":"en","label":[{"name":"text","data":"Fig.21"}],"title":[{"name":"text","data":"Centroid test"}]}],"subcaption":[],"note":[],"graphics":[{"print":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226291&type=","small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226297&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226294&type=","width":"75.01467133","height":"55.37200165","fontsize":""}]}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"镜体质心实测值为74.5 mm（距离镜体背部）与理论值相比，向镜体背部偏移了0.5 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process"}]}],"subcaption":[],"note":[],"graphics":[{"print":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226300&type=","small":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226306&type=","big":"http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=10226304&type=","width":"75.01467133","height":"48.00600052","fontsize":""}]}},{"name":"p","data":[{"name":"text","data":"主镜"},{"name":"italic","data":[{"name":"text","data":"Φ"}]},{"name":"text","data":"722 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