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1.中国科学院 长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林 长春 130033
2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
3.长光卫星技术股份有限公司,吉林 长春 130102
[ "李 峰(1988-),男,河北乐亭人,博士研究生,分别于2011年、2013年于哈尔滨工程大学获得学士、硕士学位,主要从光学遥感卫星控制系统设计与任务规划等方面的研究。 E-mail: lifeng@charmingglobe.com" ]
[ "万秋华(1962-),女,吉林长春人,博士,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事光电位移精密测量技术和规划优化等方面的研究。E-mail: wanqh@ciomp.ac.cn" ]
收稿日期:2021-11-23,
修回日期:2022-01-17,
纸质出版日期:2022-07-25
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李峰,万秋华,刘萌萌等.低轨光学卫星同轨立体成像姿态规划与控制方法[J].光学精密工程,2022,30(14):1682-1693.
LI Feng,WAN Qiuhua,LIU Mengmeng,et al.Attitude planning and control method of low-orbit optical satellite along-track stereoscopic imaging[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2022,30(14):1682-1693.
李峰,万秋华,刘萌萌等.低轨光学卫星同轨立体成像姿态规划与控制方法[J].光学精密工程,2022,30(14):1682-1693. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20223014.1682.
LI Feng,WAN Qiuhua,LIU Mengmeng,et al.Attitude planning and control method of low-orbit optical satellite along-track stereoscopic imaging[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2022,30(14):1682-1693. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20223014.1682.
为了提高低轨光学卫星同轨立体成像中多次成像对目标区域指向精度,从而获取更大的重叠覆盖面积,即立体像对有效面积。首先,设计了一种采用地球椭球模型,并考虑地球自转以及卫星滚动方向机动的同轨双视/三视立体成像姿态规划方法。其次,为了缩减机动时间,以提高卫星单次成像可拍摄的区域长度,考虑执行机构力矩与角动量约束,设计了一种路径规划快速机动控制算法(Path planning Fast Maneuver Control,PFMC),即基于旋转轴不变约束的三轴机动的最短路径和角加速度连续路径规划以及结合角加速度前馈与内外环控制的快速机动算法。最后,以“吉林一号”卫星参数进行数学仿真,控制精度优于0.02°,稳定度优于0.001(°)
/
s,成像时长不低于10 s。在轨测试期间,获得了乌鲁木齐市的立体像对与数字表面模型,有效覆盖面积大于1 600 km
2
,双视成像的重叠率超过97%,验证了同轨双视立体成像规划与控制方法的可行性和有效性。
To improve the point accuracy of along-track stereoscopic imaging, a larger coverage area must be obtained; that is, the effective area for stereoscopic imaging must be improved. Herein, first, a method for attitude planning of along-track dual/triple perspective stereoscopic imaging is designed, which adopts the earth ellipsoid model and considers the earth rotation and satellite rolling direction maneuver. Next, to reduce the maneuver time and to increase the area that can be imaged by the satellite in a single shot, a method called path planning fast maneuver control is designed considering the actuator moment and angular momentum constraints, including two parts. According to a situation wherein the angular velocity of the satellite is limited owing to the torque and angular momentum constraints of the actuator, a three-axis maneuver attitude planner with the shortest path and continuous angular acceleration is designed based on the invariant rotation axis constraint. An attitude maneuver algorithm combining angular acceleration feed-forward and internal–external loop control is further designed to improve the dynamic performance of attitude tracking. Finally, a mathematical simulation is conducted with the parameters of the Jilin-1 satellite, whereby the control accuracy is better than 0.02°, the stability is better than 0.001 (°)/s, and the imaging duration is no less than 10 s. During the in-orbit test, the stereo image pairs and digital surface models of Urumqi city are obtained, with an effective coverage area of 1600 km2 and an overlap rate of dual-view imaging exceeding 97%, which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the along-track dual-view stereo imaging planning and control method.
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