In order to meet the requirements for precise positioning of spacecraft components during the implementation of space missions, this paper proposes a spacecraft component tracking algorithm based on the Siamese network structure for the confusion problem of similar components. Firstly, the space craft component tracking problem is modeled as a data-driven spacecraft component similarity measurement problem via the neural network. This paper designed a Siamese network by improving the structure of the AlexNet network as the Siamese unit. Secondly, a large public dataset GOT-10k is used to train the Siamese network. Stochastic gradient descent is used as a network optimization method to improve the network representation ability. Finally, aiming at the positioning confusion caused by the similar appearance of the similar parts of the spacecraft, a tracking strategy combining the characteristics of the motion sequence is proposed to improve the tracking accuracy. The spacecraft video data published by ESA is used as testing data to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm, without using spacecraft-related data for training, achieves the tracking success rate of the spacecraft components 93.4% in the speed of 38FPS when the area of the part positioning frame and the true value image of the part coincide is 50%. This demonstrate that the proposed method is able to meet the requirements of stable and reliable tracking of spacecraft components, high precision, and strong anti-interference ability.
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