浏览全部资源
扫码关注微信
1.中国科学院 长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林 长春 130033
2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
Received:22 June 2021,
Revised:17 August 2021,
Published:25 February 2022
移动端阅览
曹玉岩,王建立,王志臣等.基于二维随机场的地基大型光学望远镜风扰动时程模拟与性能预测[J].光学精密工程,2022,30(04):442-454.
CAO Yuyan,WANG Jianli,WANG Zhichen,et al.Wind disturbance simulation and optical performance prediction for large ground-based optical telescopes based on two-dimensional stochastic fields[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2022,30(04):442-454.
曹玉岩,王建立,王志臣等.基于二维随机场的地基大型光学望远镜风扰动时程模拟与性能预测[J].光学精密工程,2022,30(04):442-454. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20223004.0442.
CAO Yuyan,WANG Jianli,WANG Zhichen,et al.Wind disturbance simulation and optical performance prediction for large ground-based optical telescopes based on two-dimensional stochastic fields[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2022,30(04):442-454. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20223004.0442.
随着地基光学望远镜口径的不断增大,风扰动已成为影响望远镜成像质量最为关键的因素之一。为了深入研究风扰动对望远镜系统性能的影响规律及作用机理,从时域角度对望远镜在风扰动作用下的响应进行时程模拟以及系统性能预测。首先,简要介绍了望远镜结构组成并采用有限元方法建立了结构动力学模型,通过模态变换方法将动力学模型转换到模态坐标系下,从而降低了模型维数、提高了计算效率。然后,提出了一种基于二维随机场的风速时程模拟方法,将望远镜圆顶内的风速场表达为随时间和空间位置变化的二维随机场,通过引入波数谱,克服了谱表达方法中各个离散采样点处互功率谱矩阵Cholesky分解出现数值不稳定的问题,从而可以表达空间和时间频率范围内几乎连续的随机场,并且在数值计算中引入了快速傅里叶变换FFT算法,进一步提高了模拟效率。最后,以2 m口径望远镜为例,对风速环境进行了时程模拟,并对外界平均风速为10 m/s及15 m/s的风扰动作用下,望远镜的性能进行了预测。仿真分析结果表明:作用在望远镜主镜上的风扰动分别造成主镜最大接近45 nm和70 nm的面形误差;作用在次镜及桁架上,主要造成低频的主次镜相对位置和角度偏差。
As the aperture of large ground-based optical telescopes increases, wind disturbance has become one of the most significant dynamic factors degrading the performance of telescopes. To investigate the influence and interaction principles of wind disturbance on the performance of telescopes, a time-history simulation of the wind disturbance response and performance prediction for telescopes were performed in the time domain. First, the structural parts of the telescope were simply introduced, and a dynamic model of the telescope was established using the finite element method. Using modal transformation, the dynamic model, expressed in nodal coordinates, was transformed into modal coordinates, thus greatly decreasing the model dimension and greatly improving the computational efficiency. Second, a time-history simulation method for wind speed was presented based on two-dimensional stochastic fields. The wind speed field in the doom was expressed as a two-dimensional stochastic field that varied according to the temporal and spatial frequencies. The numerical instability occurring in the Cholesky decomposition of the cross-power spectrum matrix in the spectral method was avoided by introducing the wave-number spectrum. The simulation efficiency was further improved by applying the fast Fourier transform (FFT) technique. Finally, using a ground-based telescope with a 2 m aperture as a case study, a time-history simulation of the wind speed, wind disturbance response, and system performance prediction for the telescope was performed. The simulation results showed that wind disturbances with a mean speed of 10 and 15 m/s would result in a maximum surface root mean square error of the primary mirror of approximately 45 and 70 nm, respectively. In addition, the wind disturbance acting on the secondary mirror and truss would mainly cause optical axis angle and position errors.
BELY P Y . The Design and Construction of Large Optical Telescopes [M]. New York : Springer , 2003 . doi: 10.1007/b97612 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b97612
ANDERSEN T , ENMARK A . Integrated Modeling of Telescopes [M]. New York, NY : Springer New York , 2011 . doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-0149-0 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0149-0
MACMYNOWSKI D G , BLAUROCK C , ANGELI G Z , et al . Modeling wind-buffeting of the thirty meter telescope [C]. SPIE Proceedings" , " Modeling , Systems Engineering , and Project Management for Astronomy II. Orlando , Florida , USA. SPIE , 2006 : 6271 ( 01 ): M2710 - M2710 . doi: 10.1117/12.672706 http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.672706
KAN F W , EGGERS D W . Wind vibration analyses of Giant Magellan Telescope [C]. SPIE Proceedings" , " Modeling , Systems Engineering , and Project Management for Astronomy II. Orlando , Florida , USA. SPIE , 2006 . doi: 10.1117/12.672685 http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.672685
ERM T M , ANGELI G Z . TMT wind model validation with measurements on Keck and Gemini [C]. SPIE Proceedings" , " Modeling , Systems Engineering , and Project Management for Astronomy II. Orlando , Florida , USA. SPIE , 2006 . doi: 10.1117/12.670002 http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.670002
POTTEBAUM T , MACMYNOWSKI D G . Buffeting of large telescopes: wind-tunnel measurements of the flow inside a generic enclosure [J]. Journal of Fluids and Structures , 2006 , 22 ( 1 ): 3 - 19 . doi: 10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2005.08.005 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2005.08.005
VOGIATZIS K , SEGURSON A , ANGELI G Z . Estimating the effect of wind loading on extremely large telescope performance using computational fluid dynamics [C]. SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation. Proc SPIE 5497, Modeling and Systems Engineering for Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom , 2004 , 5497 : 311 - 320 . doi: 10.1117/12.551477 http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.551477
MACMYNOWSKI D G , ANDERSEN T . Wind buffeting of large telescopes [J]. Applied Optics , 2010 , 49 ( 4 ): 625 . doi: 10.1364/ao.49.000625 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.49.000625
MACMYNOWSKI D G , VOGIATZIS K , ANGELI G Z , et al . Wind loads on ground-based telescopes [J]. Applied Optics , 2006 , 45 ( 30 ): 7912 - 7923 . doi: 10.1364/ao.45.007912 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.45.007912
GLAESE R M , SHEEHAN M . Vibration mitigation for wind-induced jitter for the giant Magellan telescope [C]. SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation. Proc SPIE 8444, Ground-Based and Airborne Telescopes IV , Amsterdam, Netherlands , 2012 , 8444 : 300 - 314 . doi: 10.1117/12.926337 http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.926337
杨德华 , 徐灵哲 , 徐欣圻 . 大型光学天文望远镜风载作用分析 [J]. 光学技术 , 2009 , 35 ( 3 ): 342 - 346 . doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1002-1582.2009.03.012 http://dx.doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1002-1582.2009.03.012
YANG D H , XU L Z , XU X Q . Wind disturbance study on large astronomical telescopes [J]. Optical Technique , 2009 , 35 ( 3 ): 342 - 346 . (in Chinese) . doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1002-1582.2009.03.012 http://dx.doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1002-1582.2009.03.012
周超 , 杨洪波 , 吴小霞 , 等 . 1.2 m望远镜风载作用分析 [J]. 红外与激光工程 , 2011 , 40 ( 5 ): 889 - 893 . doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2276.2011.05.023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1007-2276.2011.05.023
ZHOU C , YANG H B , WU X X , et al . Influence of wind loading on the 1.2 m telescope [J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering , 2011 , 40 ( 5 ): 889 - 893 . (in Chinese) . doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2276.2011.05.023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1007-2276.2011.05.023
潘年 , 马文礼 , 黄金龙 . 地基望远镜风载数值分析 [J]. 红外与激光工程 , 2015 , 44 ( 1 ): 134 - 140 . doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2276.2015.01.024 http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1007-2276.2015.01.024
PAN N , MA W L , HUANG J L . Numerical analysis of wind load on ground-based telescope [J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering , 2015 , 44 ( 1 ): 134 - 140 . (in Chinese) . doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2276.2015.01.024 http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1007-2276.2015.01.024
徐江海 , 宫雪非 . 利用数值风洞实验进行四种天文圆顶的风载研究 [J]. 光学学报 , 2015 , 35 ( 5 ): 0501005 . doi: 10.3788/aos201535.0501005 http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos201535.0501005
XU J H , GONG X F . Study of wind load on four astronomical enclosures based on numerical wind tunnel experiments [J]. Acta Optica Sinica , 2015 , 35 ( 5 ): 0501005 . (in Chinese) . doi: 10.3788/aos201535.0501005 http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos201535.0501005
宋玉鹏 , 陈建兵 , 彭勇波 . 二维空间脉动风场波数-频率联合功率谱表达的FFT模拟 [J]. 振动工程学报 , 2020 , 33 ( 4 ): 660 - 666 . doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2020.04.003 http://dx.doi.org/10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2020.04.003
SONG Y P , CHEN J B , PENG Y B . Simulation of fluctuating wind field in two-spatial dimensions by FFT implementation of wavenumber-frequency joint power spectrum [J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering , 2020 , 33 ( 4 ): 660 - 666 . (in Chinese) . doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2020.04.003 http://dx.doi.org/10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2020.04.003
刘章军 , 叶永友 , 刘增辉 . 脉动风速连续随机场的降维模拟 [J]. 工程力学 , 2018 , 35 ( 11 ): 8 - 16 . doi: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2017.07.0570 http://dx.doi.org/10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2017.07.0570
LIU Z J , YE Y Y , LIU Z H . Simulation of fluctuating wind velocity continuous stochastic field by dimension reduction approach [J]. Engineering Mechanics , 2018 , 35 ( 11 ): 8 - 16 . (in Chinese) . doi: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2017.07.0570 http://dx.doi.org/10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2017.07.0570
BENOWITZ B A , DEODATIS G . Simulation of wind velocities on long span structures: a novel stochastic wave based model [J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics , 2015 , 147 : 154 - 163 . doi: 10.1016/j.jweia.2015.10.004 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2015.10.004
MACMYNOWSKI D G , ANGELI G Z , VOGIATZIS K , et al . Parametric modeling and control of telescope wind-induced vibration [C]. SPIE Astronomical Telescopes+Instrumentation. Proc SPIE 5497, Modeling and Systems Engineering for Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom , 2004 , 5497 : 266 - 277 . doi: 10.1117/12.552282 http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.552282
曹玉岩 , 王建立 , 陈涛 , 等 . 基于Hexapod平台的地基大型光学望远镜失调误差主动补偿 [J]. 光学 精密工程 , 2020 , 28 ( 11 ): 2452 - 2465 . doi: 10.37188/OPE.20202811.2452 http://dx.doi.org/10.37188/OPE.20202811.2452
CAO Y Y , WANG J L , CHEN T , et al . Active compensation of aberration for large ground-based telescope based on Hexapod platform [J]. Opt. Precision Eng. , 2020 , 28 ( 11 ): 2452 - 2465 . (in Chinese) . doi: 10.37188/OPE.20202811.2452 http://dx.doi.org/10.37188/OPE.20202811.2452
0
Views
410
下载量
3
CSCD
Publicity Resources
Related Articles
Related Author
Related Institution