Design and geometrical tolerance detection of center section of large-aperture telescope

WANG Zhichen; CHEN Tao; CAO Yuyan; ZHOU Chao

doi:10.37188/OPE.20223023.3039

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Design and geometrical tolerance detection of center section of large-aperture telescope

更新时间：2026-09-12

- Design and geometrical tolerance detection of center section of large-aperture telescope
- Optics and Precision Engineering Vol. 30, Issue 23, Pages: 3039-3044(2022)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所，吉林长春 130033
  2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.37188/OPE.20223023.3039
  CLC： TH751
- Received：28 September 2022，
  
  Revised：2022-11-05，
  
  Published：10 December 2022
- 稿件说明：
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王志臣,陈涛,曹玉岩等.大口径望远镜中间体拓扑优化及形位公差检测[J].光学精密工程,2022,30(23):3039-3044.

WANG Zhichen,CHEN Tao,CAO Yuyan,et al.Design and geometrical tolerance detection of center section of large-aperture telescope[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2022,30(23):3039-3044.
王志臣,陈涛,曹玉岩等.大口径望远镜中间体拓扑优化及形位公差检测[J].光学精密工程,2022,30(23):3039-3044. DOI： 10.37188/OPE.20223023.3039.

WANG Zhichen,CHEN Tao,CAO Yuyan,et al.Design and geometrical tolerance detection of center section of large-aperture telescope[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2022,30(23):3039-3044. DOI： 10.37188/OPE.20223023.3039.

摘要

为了满足大口径望远镜中间体高刚度、低惯量的技术需求，开展了中间体的轻量化设计，同时针对传统方法无法检测中间体形位公差的问题，提出基于自准直仪和激光跟踪仪的光学检测方法。根据望远镜整体结构需求，确定中间体尺寸范围，分析力的传递路径，以应变能最小为优化目标，采用变密度法进行拓扑优化分析和结构设计。基于自准直仪测角原理，在中间体轴孔端面吸附平面反射镜，测量两端面的反射角度，实现两侧轴孔端面平行度误差的测量，基于激光跟踪仪空间点坐标测量原理，利用回转工装寻找中间体轴孔圆心，测量两侧轴孔的圆心坐标，实现同轴度误差的测量。与传统经验设计的中间体相比，以拓扑优化为指导设计的中间体质量减少21.5%，静态刚度提高14.3%。光学法检测中间体两侧轴孔端面平行度误差为0.016 mm，两侧轴孔圆心位置偏差为0.03 mm。采用拓扑优化设计的中间体在提高刚度、降低惯量方面优势明显，提出的光学检测法可实现中间体形位公差的检测。

Abstract

To satisfy the requirements of high stiffness and low inertia of the center section of a large aperture telescope， a lightweight center section is designed. Further， because the traditional method cannot detect the geometric tolerance of the center section， an optical detection method based on an autocollimator and laser tracker is proposed. According to the requirements of the overall structure of the telescope， the size range of the center section is determined， and the transmission path of the force is analyzed. The topology optimization analysis and structure design are carried out using the variable density method to minimize strain energy. Based on the angle measurement principle of the autocollimator， the reflecting mirror is placed on the face of the center section hole to measure the parallelism error of the face on both sides. Based on the position measurement principle of the laser tracker， a high-precision turntable is used to find the central point of the center section hole. Then， the central point coordinates of holes on both sides are measured， and the coaxiality error is measured. Compared with the center section designed by traditional means， the mass of the center section designed under the guidance of topology optimization is reduced by 21.5%， and the static stiffness is increased by 14.3%. The parallelism error of the faces of the holes on both sides of the center section detected by the optical method is 0.016 mm， and the concentric error of the holes on both sides is 0.03 mm. The center section designed by topology optimization has obvious advantages in improving stiffness and reducing inertia. The detection of geometric tolerance of the center section can be realized by using the proposed optical detection method， which solves the detection problems in processing.

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