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中国科学院 长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林 长春 130033
Received:27 September 2022,
Revised:30 November 2022,
Published:25 May 2023
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李玉霞,王建立,郭鹏飞等.大口径光电高分辨成像远镜主镜电液型高精度位姿控制系统[J].光学精密工程,2023,31(10):1487-1500.
LI Yuxia,WANG Jianli,GUO Pengfei,et al.Electrohydraulic high‑accuracy position and orientation control system of the primary mirror for a large-aperture high resolution telescope[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2023,31(10):1487-1500.
李玉霞,王建立,郭鹏飞等.大口径光电高分辨成像远镜主镜电液型高精度位姿控制系统[J].光学精密工程,2023,31(10):1487-1500. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20233110.1487.
LI Yuxia,WANG Jianli,GUO Pengfei,et al.Electrohydraulic high‑accuracy position and orientation control system of the primary mirror for a large-aperture high resolution telescope[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2023,31(10):1487-1500. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20233110.1487.
受自身重力、温度、不同工况下的外部干扰等影响,大望远镜主镜自由状态下位姿会产生巨大变化,导致后端光路不能对准,高分辨率成像质量下降,甚至图像飞出靶面。为消除主镜位姿变化对成像质量带来的影响,本文采用新型高精度电液控制系统对大望远镜主镜位姿进行控制。首先建立望远镜主镜位姿解算模型,分析主镜姿态变化原理;其次采用五个分区的多电机电液控制系统实现主镜姿态主动控制,建立各分区的液压控制系统模型,利用基于望远镜俯仰轴运动时位置误差的多元线性拟合前馈控制(EEFC)及线性自抗扰控制方法(LADRC)进行主镜位姿控制;最后进行测试,结果表明:4 m望远镜俯仰轴匀速运动时,可将主镜
Z
向平移精度从91.5 μm提升到0.5 μm,偏转角度精度从3 arcsec提升到0.05 arcsec。在1.2 m望远镜俯仰轴变速运动时,可将主镜
Z
向平移精度从5.04 μm提升至0.2 μm,角度偏移精度从0.65 arcsec提升到0.05 arcsec。在主镜上施加多点力促动器驱力时,主镜
Z
向位移精度从12.2 μm提升到2 μm内,角度偏移精度从1 arcsec提升到0.03 arcsec。通过测试验证,该控制系统可有效实现主镜光轴稳定,有效保证后端光路的对准与高分辨率自适应成像。
Generally, owing to variations in gravity, temperature, and external disturbances under differing conditions, the positions and orientations of primary mirrors of high-resolution large-aperture telescopes often change significantly in the free state; in this scenario, subsequent optical axes cannot be aligned with the primary mirrors, causing optical misalignment errors and degraded adaptive high-resolution imaging qualities, sometimes even leading to image fly off from the field of view. To eliminate these imaging errors resulting from variations in the positions and orientations of primary mirrors (POPMs), this paper proposes a novel high-accuracy electrohydraulic control system for the POPM of a large telescope. For this, a mathematical model of the POPM is established for design and analysis for active control. First, a POPM resolving control model of an entire telescope is constructed, and the variation principle of the POPM is analyzed. Second, a five part muti-motor electrohydraulic control system is adopted to realize active control of the POPM. To guarantee control accuracy, we construct the electrohydraulic control system model of each part and use a multivariate linear fitting feed forward controller based on the position error resulting from a change in the telescope elevation; meanwhile, a linear active disturbance rejection controller is adopted for POPM control. Finally, experiments on large telescopes are performed. When the elevation of a 4 m telescope moves at a constant speed, the
Z
shift can be reduced from 91.5 μm to 0.5 μm, and the deflection shift can be controlled under 0.05 arcsec from 3 arcsec. Next, when the elevation of a 1.2 m telescope moves at a variable speed, the
Z
shift can be reduced from 5.04 μm to 0.2 μm, and the deflection shift can be controlled under 0.65 arcsec from 0.05 arcsec. Further, when multipoint force actuators are added to the primary mirror, the
Z
shift can be reduced from 12.2 μm to 2 μm, and the deflection shift can be controlled under 0.03 arcsec from 1 arcsec. This can effectively realize the optical axis stability of the primary mirror while guaranteeing the alignment of subsequent optical axes and high-resolution self-adaption image quality.
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