“A research team conducted in-depth research on the interference fringe distortion problem that occurs in long wave infrared differential interferometers under low-temperature conditions. The research team first analyzed the influencing factors of interference fringe distortion, and combined the optical mechanical thermal coupling analysis method to simulate the low-temperature working state of the interferometer system. Subsequently, a low-temperature micro stress dynamic stable support installation structure for grating elements was designed, and significant performance improvements were achieved through structural optimization. After the low-temperature verification test of the entire system, the optimized structure successfully controlled the interference fringe distortion within 2 detector pixels, which is highly consistent with the simulation calculation results. This study not only validates the effectiveness of optimization analysis methods, but also provides strong support for improving the low-temperature stability of reflective optical system structures and enhancing the system's operational capabilities. This research achievement is of great significance in the field of optical instrument design and manufacturing, providing new ideas and methods for research and application in related fields.”