“The latest research proposes a sample normal weighted estimation algorithm based on bounded Poisson surface approximation for surface samples with defects such as noise and non-uniform sampling. This algorithm optimizes the processing of local surface samples, establishes surface constraints for sample neighborhoods, and achieves robust estimation of sample normals. Experimental results have shown that when the noise level is not higher than 20%, the algorithm can control the normal calculation error within π/18, and the normal transition is smooth. This provides an effective solution for the problem of sample normal estimation in handling complex surface samples.”