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1.青岛科技大学 自动化与电子工程学院,山东 青岛 266061
2.中科院国家天文台,北京 100012
[ "孙 晓(1987-),男,山东临沂人,博士,讲师,2015年于中国科学院大学获得博士学位,主要从事天文技术与方法、结构健康监测方面的研究。E-mail: sx@qust.edu.cn" ]
收稿日期:2021-03-15,
修回日期:2021-05-11,
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孙晓,王清梅,李振伟等.结构健康监测系统光纤Bragg光栅应变计异常诊断[J].光学精密工程,
SUN Xiao,WANG Qing-mei,LI Zhen-wei,et al.Abnormal diagnosis of fiber Bragg grating strain gauges in health monitoring system[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,
孙晓,王清梅,李振伟等.结构健康监测系统光纤Bragg光栅应变计异常诊断[J].光学精密工程, DOI:10.37188/OPE..0001
SUN Xiao,WANG Qing-mei,LI Zhen-wei,et al.Abnormal diagnosis of fiber Bragg grating strain gauges in health monitoring system[J].Optics and Precision Engineering, DOI:10.37188/OPE..0001
结构健康监测系统中,光纤光栅应变计常用于结构应变监测,大量传感器长期工作易发生故障,其本身的状态诊断与维护,关系到系统的可靠性。本文基于同结构监测中光纤光栅应变计原始输出具有相同规律这一特点,提出一种新的传感器异常诊断方法,利用信号处理方法,提取测点样本长度、标准差、能量值、主成分周期值作为特征。通过循环迭代获取特征值聚合中心点,将特征偏离中心点距离标准化后融合为综合异常指数,实现传感器的异常和故障判别。仿真证明,故障测点为总测点数目20%以内,可有效识别故障测点。对FAST工程健康监测系统416个光纤光栅应变计测点进行诊断,成功提取317个传感器的特征列表,识别出4个故障测点与14个异常测点。方法不需要先验知识训练,基于数据本身特性实现诊断,对多种故障有较强指示作用,诊断结果准确有效,满足实用需求。
In structural health monitoring systems, fiber Bragg grating strain gauges are generally used for structural strain monitoring. The large number of sensors’ long-term operation could lead to malfunction, of whose status diagnosis and maintenance are related to the reliability of the system. Considering the original output of the fiber grating strain gauge in the same structure monitoring has the same characteristic, the paper proposes a novel sensor abnormal diagnosis scheme using signal processing methods, while the sample data length, standard deviation, energy value and principal component period value are processed to observe features. The feature aggregation center point is observed through loop iteration, afterwards the distance from the center point of the feature is standardized and merged into a comprehensive anomaly index to identify abnormalities and faults of sensors. The simulation proves that the fault measurement points can be effectively identified while the number of fault measurement points is less than 20% of the total. By diagnosing 416 fiber Bragg grating strain gauges of health monitoring system of FAST project, the feature list of 317 sensors is successfully extracted, and 4 faulty measuring points and 14 abnormal measuring points are identified. If there are too many fault points, the data will be too discrete. The method realizes diagnosis based on the characteristics of the data and does not require prior knowledge training. It has a strong indication effect on a variety of faults, and the diagnosis result is accurate and meets practical needs.
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