光学玻璃钻削时孔口损伤的形成机理及抑制工艺

马利杰; 刘红文; 屈海涛; 王占奎; 苏建修

doi:10.37188/OPE.20202807.1528

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光学玻璃钻削时孔口损伤的形成机理及抑制工艺

微纳技术与精密机械 | 更新时间：2020-08-13

- 光学玻璃钻削时孔口损伤的形成机理及抑制工艺
- Formation mechanism and suppression method of hole edge damage in drilling optical glass
- 光学精密工程 2020年28卷第7期页码：1528-1538
- 作者机构：
  
  河南科技学院机电学院, 河南新乡 453003
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "马利杰(1972-), 男, 河南宜阳人, 博士, 教授, 2007年于江苏大学获得博士学位, 2011年北京理工大学机械工程博士后流动站出站, 主要从事先进切削理论与技术、机械系统测试技术的研究。E-mail:ma_lj@hist.edu.cn" ]
  [ "刘红文(1988-), 男, 河南封丘人, 硕士研究生, 2016年于河南科技学院获得学士学位, 主要从事硬脆性材料旋转超声加工的研究。E-mail:1377525077@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1804142)
- DOI：10.37188/OPE.20202807.1528
  中图分类号： TH162.1
- 收稿日期：2019-11-17，
  
  修回日期：2020-01-04，
  
  录用日期：2020-1-4，
  
  纸质出版日期：2020-07-15
- 稿件说明：
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马利杰, 刘红文, 屈海涛, 等. 光学玻璃钻削时孔口损伤的形成机理及抑制工艺[J]. 光学精密工程, 2020,28(7):1528-1538.

Li-jie MA, Hong-wen LIU, Hai-tao QU, et al. Formation mechanism and suppression method of hole edge damage in drilling optical glass[J]. Optics and precision engineering, 2020, 28(7): 1528-1538.
马利杰, 刘红文, 屈海涛, 等. 光学玻璃钻削时孔口损伤的形成机理及抑制工艺[J]. 光学精密工程, 2020,28(7):1528-1538. DOI： 10.37188/OPE.20202807.1528.

Li-jie MA, Hong-wen LIU, Hai-tao QU, et al. Formation mechanism and suppression method of hole edge damage in drilling optical glass[J]. Optics and precision engineering, 2020, 28(7): 1528-1538. DOI： 10.37188/OPE.20202807.1528.

摘要

由于光学玻璃高硬度、高脆性和低断裂韧性的力学性能，边缘损伤已成为光学玻璃加工的常见缺陷形式，严重制约了加工质量的提高。基于BK7光学玻璃的钻削试验，分析了孔入口和出口边缘损伤的基本特征；利用脆硬材料的压缩断裂理论，探讨了孔口损伤的形成机理；研究了钻削参数对孔口损伤的影响规律。在此基础上，初步探索了旋转超声钻削（Rotary Ultrasonic Drilling，RUD）和旋转超声啄式钻削（RUPD）工艺对孔口损伤的抑制效果。结果表明："局部崩边"是孔入口损伤的主要形式，"整体剥落"和"不连续崩碎"相互叠加是孔出口损伤的表现形式；金刚石磨棒端面磨粒的刻划切入所导致的亚表层侧向裂纹扩展是造成入口损伤的重要原因，而中位裂纹扩展和轴向压溃是出口损伤的主要成因。RUD能够有效抑制孔口损伤，其最大入口崩边尺寸和最大出口剥落尺寸分别为普通钻削的15%~50%和45%~65%。RUPD能够促进磨屑和脱落磨粒的排出，因此可以获得更小的出口损伤。

Abstract

Optical glass is the key material for manufacturing optical devices such as lenses and filter mirrors. Owing to its high hardness

high brittleness and low fracture toughness

edge damage has been the major defect during the machining of optical glass. Based on the drilling experiment of BK7 optical glass

the damage characteristics at the entrance and exit of the machined hole were analyzed; subsequently

the formation mechanism of edge damage was discussed by using the compression fracture theory of brittle materials; and finally

the influence of drilling parameters was studied. Consequently

the suppression effect of Rotary Ultrasonic Drilling (RUD) and Rotary Ultrasonic Pecking Drilling (RUPD) on edge damage was studied. The results indicate that 'local edge chipping' is the main form of the entrance damage

and the superposition of 'layer separation' and 'discontinuous chipping' is the main character of the exit damage. The subsurface lateral crack expansion

caused by squeezing the tool end abrasive

is the main cause of generating entrance damage

whereas the middle crack expansion and axial collapse are the main causes of exit damage. The RUD has a clear effect on the reduction of hole edge damage:its maximum entrance chipping size Lin_max and the maximum exit separation size can be decreased by 15%-50% and 45%-65% of common drilling

respectively. The RUPD can promote the expulsion of abrasive scraps; thus

achieving less exit damage than the RUD.

关键词

Keywords

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