浏览全部资源
扫码关注微信
战略支援部队信息工程大学 地理空间信息学院,河南 郑州 450001
[ "李广云(1965-),男,江苏南京人,教授,博士生导师,中国测绘地理信息学会常务理事、中国卫星导航与定位协会副会长,战略支援部队信息工程大学地理空间信息学院教授,主要研究方向为精密工程测量、卫星导航与应用。E-mail:guangyun_li_chxy@163.com" ]
[ "罗豪龙(1996-),男,河南许昌人,硕士研究生,2018年于战略支援部队信息工程大学获得学士学位,现为战略支援部队信息工程大学地理空间信息学院硕士研究生,主要从事精密工程测量及三维激光扫描等方面的研究。E-mail:1728731316@qq.com" ]
收稿日期:2020-10-21,
修回日期:2020-12-07,
纸质出版日期:2021-06-15
移动端阅览
李广云,罗豪龙,王力.机器人工具坐标系的快速标定方法[J].光学精密工程,2021,29(06):1375-1386.
LI Guang-yun,LUO Hao-long,WANG Li.Fast calibration method of robot tool coordinate[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2021,29(06):1375-1386.
李广云,罗豪龙,王力.机器人工具坐标系的快速标定方法[J].光学精密工程,2021,29(06):1375-1386. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20212906.1375.
LI Guang-yun,LUO Hao-long,WANG Li.Fast calibration method of robot tool coordinate[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2021,29(06):1375-1386. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20212906.1375.
为了解决机器人工具坐标系标定时标定精度不高、效率较低的问题,提出一种基于激光跟踪仪的工具坐标系快速标定方法。首先,分析机器人末端法兰盘的结构,根据法兰盘上各点的相对位置关系,利用激光跟踪仪及几何法原理进行工具坐标系的位置标定;其次,控制机器人沿工具坐标系的
X
轴和
Z
轴方向分别运动,根据工具坐标系和法兰末端坐标系的相对位姿关系进行工具坐标系姿态标定;最后,利用基于距离约束的工具坐标系标定方法和本文提出的几何法标定结果进行精度对比分析。实验结果表明几何法进行工具坐标系后机器人定位精度能达到0.692 mm,与距离约束法的工具坐标系标定精度相当;同时几何法不需要机器人运动,只需测量机器人末端的6个点就能实现工具坐标系的位置标定,且机器人末端更换新的工具后只需测量一个点就能实现新工具的位置标定。实验表明,几何法标定实验过程为3 min,而距离约束法实验过程为8 min,标定效率提高了62.5%,说明该方法具有高效率和高精度的特点,能够满足高精度任务作业的实际需要。
To address the problem of low precision or low efficiency in the calibration of a robot tool coordinate system, a fast calibration method of the tool coordinate system by a laser tracker is proposed. First, the structure of the robot end flange is analyzed based on the relative position relationship of each point on the flange. The laser tracker is used to calibrate the position of the tool coordinate system based on the principle of the geometric method. Second, the robot is controlled to move along the
X
- and
Z
-axes of the tool coordinate system, and the posture of the tool coordinate system is calibrated based on the relative position and posture relationship between the tool coordinate system and the flange end coordinate system. Finally, the calibration method based on the distance constraint proposed in previous studies is used to calibrate the tool coordinate system, and the accuracy is compared with that of the geometric method proposed in this paper. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the proposed calibration method can reach 0.692 mm, which is equivalent to that of the distance constraint method. Meanwhile, in the geometric method, the robot does not need to be moved; it only needs to measure six points at its end, to calibrate the position of the tool coordinate system. In addition, after the robot end is replaced with a new tool, the position of the new tool coordinate system can be obtained by measuring one point only. It shows that the proposed geometric method for a robot tool coordinate system calibration has high efficiency and high precision.
武燕 , 陈静雯 . 中国工业机器人产业发展对策研究 [J]. 对外经贸 , 2020 ,( 5 ): 43 - 46 .
WU Y , CHEN J W . Research on the development strategy of industrial robot industry in China [J]. Foreign Economic Relations & Trade , 2020 ,( 5 ): 43 - 46 . (in Chinese)
罗连发 , 储梦洁 , 刘俊俊 . 机器人的发展:中国与国际的比较 [J]. 宏观质量研究 , 2019 , 7 ( 3 ): 38 - 50 .
LUO L F , CHU M J , LIU J J . The development of robots: comparison between China and the world [J]. Journal of Macro-quality Research , 2019 , 7 ( 3 ): 38 - 50 . (in Chinese)
PENG J , DING Y , ZHANG G , et al . An enhanced kinematic model for calibration of robotic machining systems with parallelogram mechanisms [J]. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing , 2019 , 59 : 92 - 103 .
JI W , WANG L . Industrial robotic machining: a review [J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology , 2019 , 103 ( 1 ): 1239 - 1255 .
WU J , ZHANG D , LIU J , et al . A moment approach to positioning accuracy reliability analysis for industrial robots [J]. IEEE Transactions on Reliability , 2019 , 69 ( 2 ): 699 - 714 .
杜亮 , 张铁 , 戴孝亮 . 激光跟踪仪测量距离误差的机器人运动学参数补偿 [J]. 红外与激光工程 , 2015 , 44 ( 8 ): 2351 - 2357 .
DU L , ZHANG T , DAI X L . Robot kinematic parameters compensation by measuring distance error using laser tracker system [J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering , 2015 , 44 ( 8 ): 2351 - 2357 . (in Chinese)
温秀兰 , 康传帅 , 宋爱国 , 等 . 基于全位姿测量优化的机器人精度研究 [J]. 仪器仪表学报 , 2019 , 40 ( 7 ): 81 - 89 .
WEN X L , KANG C S , SONG A G , et al . Study on robot accuracy based on full pose measurement and optimization [J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument , 2019 , 40 ( 7 ): 81 - 89 . (in Chinese)
YIN S , GUO Y , REN Y , et al . A novel TCF calibration method for robotic visual measurement system [J]. Optik , 2014 , 125 ( 23 ): 6920 - 6925 .
HE R , ZHAO Y , YANG S , et al . Kinematic-parameter identification for serial-robot calibration based on POE formula [J]. IEEE Transactions on Robotics , 2010 , 26 ( 3 ): 411 - 423 .
刘涛 , 尹仕斌 , 任永杰 , 等 . 机器人工具坐标系自动校准 [J]. 光学 精密工程 , 2019 , 27 ( 3 ): 661 - 670 .
LIU T , YIN S B , REN Y J . Automatic calibration of robot tool center frame robot tool center frame [J]. Opt. Precision Eng. , 2019 , 27 ( 3 ): 661 - 670 . (in Chinese)
陆艺 , 葛文琦 , 郭斌 . 基于标准球距离约束的工业机器人参数标定 [J]. 计量学报 , 2020 , 41 ( 9 ): 1048 - 1054 .
LU Y , GE W Q , GUO B . Calibration of industrial robot parameters based on standard ball distance constraints [J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica , 2020 , 41 ( 9 ): 1048 - 1054 . (in Chinese)
罗豪龙 , 王力 , 向奉卓 , 等 . 基于最小二乘的工具坐标系标定方法 [J]. 电子测量技术 , 2020 , 43 ( 2 ): 6 - 9 .
LUO H L , WANG L , XIANG F Z , et al . Calibration method of tool coordinate system based on least squares [J]. Electronic Measurement Technology , 2020 , 43 ( 2 ): 6 - 9 . (in Chinese)
韩奉林 , 江晓磊 , 严宏志 . 基于可测距平板工具的机器人TCP标定方法 [J]. 计算机工程与应用 , 2016 , 52 ( 18 ): 18 - 23 .
HAN F L , JIANG X L , YAN H Z . Robotic TCP calibration method based on plane toolbar with dis-tance measure function [J]. Computer Engineering and Applications , 2016 , 52 ( 18 ): 18 - 23 . (in Chinese)
牛雪娟 , 刘景泰 . 基于奇异值分解的机器人工具坐标系标定 [J]. 自动化与仪表 , 2008 ,( 3 ): 1 - 4 .
NIU X J , LIU J T . Robot tool control frame calibration based on SVD .[J]. Automation & Instrumentation , 2008 ,( 3 ): 1 - 4 . (in Chinese)
刘成业 , 李文广 , 马世国 , 等 . 一种机器人工具坐标系标定方法 [J]. 山东科学 , 2012 , 25 ( 1 ): 69 - 74 .
LIU C Y , LI W G , MA S G , et al . A robot tool frame calibration method [J]. Shandong Science , 2012 , 25 ( 1 ): 69 - 74 . (in Chinese)
杨聚庆 , 王大勇 , 董登峰 , 等 . 激光测量标定机器人坐标系位姿变换的正交化解算 [J]. 光学 精密工程 , 2018 , 26 ( 8 ): 1985 - 1993 .
YANG J Q , WANG D Y , DONG D F , et al . Laser measurement based evaluation for orthogonal transformation calibration of robot pose [J]. Opt. Precision Eng. , 2018 , 26 ( 8 ): 1985 - 1993 . (in Chinese)
NUBIOLA A , BONEV I A . Absolute calibration of an ABB IRB 1600 robot using a laser tracker [J]. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing , 2013 , 29 ( 1 ): 236 - 245 .
周祥 . 工业机器人工具及工件坐标系的标定研究 [D]. 南京 : 南京理工大学 , 2015 .
ZHOU X . Research on Calibration of Industrial Robot Tools and Workpiece Coordinate System [D]. Nanjing : Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 2015 . (in Chinese)
孙义林 , 樊成 , 陈国栋 , 等 . 基于激光跟踪仪的机器人抛光工具系统标定 [J]. 制造业自动化 , 2014 ,( 24 ): 105 - 108 .
SUN Y L , FAN C , CHEN G D , et al . Tool calibration for the robotic polishing system based on the laser tracker [J]. Manufacturing Automation , 2014 ,( 24 ): 105 - 108 . (in Chinese)
齐立哲 , 陈磊 , 王伟 , 等 . 基于激光跟踪仪的机器人误差测量系统标定 [J]. 制造技术与机床 , 2012 ,( 10 ): 90 - 94 .
QI L Z , CHEN L , WANG W , et al . The calibration for industrial robot's position error measuring system based on the laser tracker [J]. Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool , 2012 ,( 10 ): 90 - 94 .
张博 , 魏振忠 , 张广军 . 机器人坐标系与激光跟踪仪坐标系的快速转换方法 [J]. 仪器仪表学报 , 2010 , 31 ( 9 ): 1986 - 1990 .
Zhang B , WEI ZH ZH , ZHANG G J . Rapid coordinate transformation between a robot and a laser tracker [J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument , 2010 , 31 ( 9 ): 1986 - 1990 . (in Chinese)
范百兴 , 李广云 , 周维虎 , 等 . 激光跟踪仪空间联合平差模型及精度分析 [J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版) , 2018 , 43 ( 1 ): 120 - 126 .
FAN B X , LI G Y , ZHOU W H , et al . Precision analysis of the unified spatial metrology network adjustment model [J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University , 2018 , 43 ( 1 ): 120 - 126 . (in Chinese)
向民志 , 范百兴 , 李祥云 , 等 . 激光跟踪仪与机器人坐标系转换方法研究 [J]. 航空制造技术 , 2018 , 61 ( 1 ): 98 - 101 .
XIANG M Z , FAN B X , LI X Y , et al . Study on Coordinate Transformation Between a Laser Tracker and a Robot [J]. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology , 2018 , 61 ( 1 ): 98 - 101 . (in Chinese)
0
浏览量
827
下载量
3
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构