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1.中国科学院 长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林 长春 130033
2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
3.长光卫星技术有限公司,吉林 长春 130000
[ "李 海(1987-),男,湖北襄阳人,博士研究生,2012年于华中科技大学获得学士学位,主要从事于无人机结构设计与气动特性分析的研究。E-mail:13080027307@163.com李 海(1987-),男,湖北襄阳人,博士研究生,2012年于华中科技大学获得学士学位,主要从事于无人机结构设计与气动特性分析的研究。E-mail:13080027307@163.com" ]
[ "贾宏光(1971-),男,黑龙江五常人,研究员,博士生导师,1994年于哈尔滨工业大学获得学士学位,1997年于长春理工大学获得硕士学位,2000年于中科院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所获得博士学位,主要从事飞行器总体技术的研究。E-mail:jiahongguang@charmingglobe.com" ]
收稿日期:2021-03-05,
修回日期:2021-04-14,
纸质出版日期:2021-09-15
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李海,贾宏光,陈在斌.共轴双旋翼系统的气动特性分析及试验[J].光学精密工程,2021,29(09):2140-2148.
LI Hai,JIA Hong-guang,CHEN Zai-bin.Analysis and experiment on aerodynamic characteristics of coaxial rotor system[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2021,29(09):2140-2148.
李海,贾宏光,陈在斌.共轴双旋翼系统的气动特性分析及试验[J].光学精密工程,2021,29(09):2140-2148. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20212909.2140.
LI Hai,JIA Hong-guang,CHEN Zai-bin.Analysis and experiment on aerodynamic characteristics of coaxial rotor system[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2021,29(09):2140-2148. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20212909.2140.
基于动量叶素理论明确了旋翼的入流分布情况,建立了适用于共轴双旋翼的气动计算模型,通过所研制的气动试验平台对共轴双旋翼的气动特性(拉力、扭矩及功耗)进行了测试,着重分析了悬停状态下旋翼转速及间距的变化对系统气动性能的影响,探索最优的气动布局。实验结果表明:共轴双旋翼系统中旋翼间距的变化对总拉力的影响并不显著,但是下旋翼产生的拉力明显小于上旋翼,系统中下旋翼仅提供了43.8%~45.1%的拉力,适当增大下旋翼桨距和扭转角等参数有助于提高系统的整体性能;下旋翼的存在极大抑制上旋翼尾流的收缩,上旋翼尾流收缩的实际边界面积比理想边界增加了15%左右;当双桨间距为0.40
R
时,下旋翼产生的拉力最大,系统净扭矩最小,气动布局最优。
Based on the Blade Element Momentum Theory (BEMT), the inflow distribution of the rotor of a coaxial rotor system was determined and the aerodynamic model for these coaxial rotors was established in this study. Next, the aerodynamic characteristics (thrust, torque and power consumption) of the coaxial rotor system were measured and verified by the designed test platform. To explore the optimal aerodynamic layout, the influence of varying the rotor spacing on the system performance in a hover at different rotor speeds was emphatically analyzed. The results show that varying the rotor spacing has no significant effect on the total thrust in the coaxial system, however, the lower rotor produces a smaller thrust than the upper rotor, which is approximately 43.8%-45.1% of the total thrust. In conclusion, improving the collective pitch and blade twist angles of the lower rotor aids in enhancing the aerodynamic performance in the coaxial rotor system. Moreover, the area of the actual wake boundary of the upper rotor is approximately 15% larger than that of the theoretical boundary as the lower rotor greatly restrains the contraction of the upper rotor's wake. In addition, the aerodynamic layout is optimal when the rotor spacing is 0.40
R
owing to the largest thrust produced by the lower rotor and the lowest net torque.
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