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1.华北水利水电大学 物理与电子学院,河南 郑州 450011
2.中国移动通信集团公司,北京 100033
[ "许 丽(1978-),女,河南驻马店人,博士,教授,硕士生导师,2000年于哈尔滨工业大学获得学士学位,2006年于上海大学获得硕士学位,2009年于上海大学获得博士学位,主要从事光学测量、水下三维形貌测量、计算机视觉等方面的研究。E-mail: xuli@ncwu.edu.cn许 丽(1978-),女,河南驻马店人,博士,教授,硕士生导师,2000年于哈尔滨工业大学获得学士学位,2006年于上海大学获得硕士学位,2009年于上海大学获得博士学位,主要从事光学测量、水下三维形貌测量、计算机视觉等方面的研究。E-mail:xuli@ncwu.edu.cn" ]
[ "陆桂明(1964-),男,广西南宁人,博士,教授,硕士生导师,1987年于华北水利水电大学获得学士学位,2006年于武汉水利水电大学获得硕士学位,2009年于河海大学获得博士学位,主要从事水利信息化,大数据处理等方面的研究。E-mail: lugm@ncwu.edu.cn陆桂明(1964-),男,广西南宁人,博士,教授,硕士生导师,1987年于华北水利水电大学获得学士学位,2006年于武汉水利水电大学获得硕士学位,2009年于河海大学获得博士学位,主要从事水利信息化,大数据处理等方面的研究。E-mail:lugm@ncwu.edu.cn" ]
收稿日期:2021-03-18,
修回日期:2021-05-09,
纸质出版日期:2021-10-15
移动端阅览
许丽,周永昊,陆桂明等.河流自然水体中三维视觉测量[J].光学精密工程,2021,29(10):2465-2480.
XU Li,ZHOU Yong-hao,LU Gui-ming,et al.River underwater 3D vision measurement method[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2021,29(10):2465-2480.
许丽,周永昊,陆桂明等.河流自然水体中三维视觉测量[J].光学精密工程,2021,29(10):2465-2480. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20212910.2465.
XU Li,ZHOU Yong-hao,LU Gui-ming,et al.River underwater 3D vision measurement method[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2021,29(10):2465-2480. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20212910.2465.
针对水体浑浊所造成水下图像退化和多介质引起的光线路径改变等问题,提出了基于径向多线结构光的水下视觉测量方法。首先,建立了基于折射的水下视觉测量模型,在投影仪垂直于折射平面投射且光平面经过投射光轴的条件下,陆上光平面和水下光平面共面,陆上标定可代替水下标定;采用蒙特卡洛模拟方法,分析了像点误差对点云计算精度的影响。其次,设计了黑白交错的中心旋转径向多线编码光模式;采用黑白条纹边缘作为测量点,减弱了编码光解码对图像质量的依赖性;通过中心旋转的方式,提高了表面的测量分辨率。最后,在1 m×1.2 m×0.8 m的水体中加入泥沙模拟自然河流水体环境,实验分析了浑浊水体对条纹提取、编码光解码和三维视觉测量精度的影响。实验结果表明,该方法在1 500 mm的测量距离上,对清水条件下的瓷瓶进行了不规则表面的三维表面测量;对清水、含有40,60和90 g泥沙的浑水中规则物体进行三维表面测量,获得了平面残差分别为0.95,1.93,5.43和21.43 mm的测量结果;当泥沙量超过某数值(如60 g)时,条纹提取精度急剧恶化,泥沙量为40和90 g的浑水中测量平面拟合残差从1.93 mm增加到21.43 mm。
Aiming to remedy the degradation of underwater images owing to turbidity of mud and sand in the natural river water
and the change of light caused by underwater refraction
an underwater vision measurement method based on radial multi-line structured light is proposed in this study. First
an underwater visual measurement model based on refraction is constructed. When the projector axis is perpendicular to the refracted plane and the light-plane passes through the projected axis
landed light plane is coplanar with underwater ones
which can avoid the underwater calibration processes. The Monte Carlo simulation method is used to analyze the influence of the imaging point errors on the underwater 3D vision measurement model. Next
an interlaced central rotation radial multi-line light mode is designed. Black and white stripes are used as the projection modes to reduce the dependence on the image quality. Measurement stripes are increased
and measurement resolution is improved through central rotations. Finally
3D topography measurement experiments on the surface of underwater objects are made
in which the influence of turbid water on the edge extraction accuracy
coded light decoding
and 3D vision measurement are analyzed. In the experiment
sediments with different weights are added in a water volume of 1 m×1.2 m×0.8 m
which simulates the natural water environment. The experiment shows that at a measurement distance of 1500 mm
the surface of a bottle is measured in clean water
with a plane residual error of 0.95 mm; the plane residual errors are respectively 1.93 mm
5.43 mm
21.43 mm in muddy water with 40 g
60 g
90 g of sediment. When the amount of sediment exceeds a certain value (such as 60 g sediment in this experiment)
the accuracy of fringe extraction deteriorates sharply. The residual error of measurement plane fitting in muddy water with 40 g and 90 g of sediment increases from 1.93 mm to 21.43 mm.
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