基于虚拟立体视觉的气液两相流三维测量系统的标定

薛婷; 曹兆峰; 金俞鑫

doi:10.3788/OPE.20122001.0124

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基于虚拟立体视觉的气液两相流三维测量系统的标定

微纳技术与精密机械 | 更新时间：2020-08-12

- 基于虚拟立体视觉的气液两相流三维测量系统的标定
- Calibration of three-dimensional measurement system for gas-liquid two phase flow based on virtual stereo vision
- 光学精密工程 2012年20卷第1期页码：124-130
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 天津市过程检测与控制重点实验室天津,300072
  2. 天津大学电气与自动化工程学院天津,300072
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.60902084,61172120)();教育部博士点新教师基金资助项目(No.200800561059)();精密测试技术及仪器国家重
- DOI：10.3788/OPE.20122001.0124
  中图分类号： TP391
- 收稿日期：2011-08-08，
  
  修回日期：2011-09-28，
  
  网络出版日期：2012-01-25，
  
  纸质出版日期：2012-01-25
- 稿件说明：
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薛婷, 曹兆峰, 金俞鑫. 基于虚拟立体视觉的气液两相流三维测量系统的标定[J]. 光学精密工程, 2012,20(1): 124-130

XUE Ting, CAO Zhao-feng, JIN Yu-xin. Calibration of three-dimensional measurement system for gas-liquid two phase flow based on virtual stereo vision[J]. Editorial Office of Optics and Precision Engineering, 2012,20(1): 124-130
薛婷, 曹兆峰, 金俞鑫. 基于虚拟立体视觉的气液两相流三维测量系统的标定[J]. 光学精密工程, 2012,20(1): 124-130 DOI： 10.3788/OPE.20122001.0124.

XUE Ting, CAO Zhao-feng, JIN Yu-xin. Calibration of three-dimensional measurement system for gas-liquid two phase flow based on virtual stereo vision[J]. Editorial Office of Optics and Precision Engineering, 2012,20(1): 124-130 DOI： 10.3788/OPE.20122001.0124.

摘要

研究了基于虚拟立体视觉的气液两相流三维测量系统的标定技术。首先

基于单台高速摄像机和两组反射镜组构建虚拟立体视觉测量系统

建立高速摄像机透视投影变换模型以及虚拟立体视觉三维测量模型

对虚拟立体视觉系统中摄像机及虚拟立体视觉传感器进行标定。用靶标基准球模拟气泡在水中的分布

以其空间距离作为测量评价指标

比较了不同标定方法对三维重建精度的影响。实验结果表明

将标定参照物置于水箱内

并且分别对左、右虚拟摄像机及传感器进行标定

三维重建精度最高

测量空间距离绝对误差优于0.13 mm

相对误差优于0.49%。实验认为

对基于虚拟立体视觉的气液两相流三维测量系统进行标定时

必须充分考虑折光分光光路以及管壁折射对三维重建所带来的影响。

Abstract

A calibration technique for the three-dimensional measurement system of gas-liquid two phase flow based on a virtual stereo vision was researched. Firstly

a single high-speed camera and two groups of mirrors were used to construct the virtual stereo vision system and to establish a perspective transformation model for the high-speed camera and a virtual stereo vision three-dimensional measurement model. Then

the camera and the virtual stereo vision sensor in the virtual stereo vision system were calibrated. Finally

the distribution of the bubble in the water was simulated by a target standard ball and its space distance was regard as the measurement standards. Furthermore

the impacts of different calibration methods on the accuracy of three-dimensional reconstruction were compared. Experimental results indicate that the accuracy of the three-dimensional reconstruction is the best when the calibration reference is placed in a water tank and the left and right virtual cameras and sensors are calibrated

respectively. The absolute error and the relative error of the measurement distance are better than 0.13 mm and 0.49%

respectively. It suggests that the impact of the light splitting path and tube wall refraction on the calibration accuracy should be taken full account of in the calibration of the gas-liquid two-phase flow three-dimensional measurement system based on the virtual stereo vision system.

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references

CROWE C T. Multiphase Flow Handbook[M]. Boca Ra-ton: CRC Press, 2006.[2] ZHANG L J, LI T, YING W Y, et al.. Rising and descending bubble size distributions in gas-liquid and gas-liquid-solid slurry bubble column reactor [J]. Chem Eng Sci, 2008, 86(10): 1143-1154.[3] VENKATESAN M, SARIT K D, BALAKRISHNAL A R. Effect of diameter on two-phase pressure drop in narrow tubes[J].Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science,2011,35:531-541.[4] VISSCHER J, HELGE I A, MUSTAFA B, et al.. A new set-up for PIV measurements in rotating turbulent duct flows [J]. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation,2011,22:71-80.[5] ELCOCK D, HONKANEN M, KUO C, et al..Bubble dynamics and interactions with a pair of mirco pillars in tandem[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2011, 37(5):440-452.[6] 周富强,邾继贵,杨学友. CCD摄像机快速标定技术 [J]. 光学精密工程,2002,8(1): 96-100. ZHOU F Q, ZHU J G, YANG X Y.A high speed CCD camera calibration technique[J]. Opt. Precision Eng., 2002,8(1): 96-100. (in Chinese)[7] ZHANG Z Y. A flexible new technique for camera calibration [J]. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2000, 22(11): 1330-1334.[8] 黄风山,钱惠芬. 三坐标测量机驱动的摄像机标定 [J]. 光学精密工程,2010,18(4):952-957. HUANG F S, QIAN H F. Camera calibration driven by three-coordinate measuring machine [J]. Opt. Precision Eng., 2010,18(4): 952-957. (in Chinese)[9] TSAI R Y.A versatile camera calibration technique for high accuracy 3D machine vision metrology using off-the-shelf TV camera and lenses [J] IEEE Journal of Robotics and Automation, 1987, 3(4): 323-344.[10] XUE T, WU B, ZHU J G, et al.. Complete calibration of a structure-uniform stereovision sensor with free-position planar pattern [J] Sensors and Actuators A, 2007,135:185-191.

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