光电轴角编码器细分信号误差及精度分析

光电轴角编码器细分信号误差及精度分析 Errors and precision analysis of subdivision signals for photoelectric angle encoders 王显军 WANG Xian-jun first-author 王显军 (1965-),男,吉林长春人,研究员,主要从事光电传感器、电子技术应用方面的研究。E-mail:yh8875@yahoo.com.cn 王显军 (1965-),男,吉林长春人,研究员,主要从事光电传感器、电子技术应用方面的研究。E-mail:yh8875@yahoo.com.cn yh8875@yahoo.com.cn 中国科学院 长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林 长春,中国,130033 中国科学院 长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林 长春,中国,130033 Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 高分辨力光电编码器通常利用码盘精码两路正交的正、余弦信号,通过细分达到高分辨力。为使细分技术更加完善,本文对细分误差进行了专题研究。分别对信号直流分量误差、幅值误差、相位误差、谐波分量误差、噪声误差和量化误差等进行了数理分析,通过对细分误差的特性分析,得出了误差规律及其计算公式,形成了比较完整的光电编码器细分误差及精度分析的数理结果。结果表明,一般情况下细分精度在1.5%左右。文章指出,利用码盘精码通过细分提高分辨力,应在码盘选择、轴系设计、信号提取、电路设计、工艺调试等各个环节充分考虑细分误差的影响。研究结果可用于在产品设计时,合理进行误差分析与分配,预估产品的精度,为减小设计误差提供参考。 High-resolution photoelectric encoder usually achieves a high resolution by the subdivision of two-way orthogonal sine and cosine signals from a fine disk code. In order to improve the subdivision technology, this paper researches the subdivision errors specially. The signal DC component errors, magnitude errors, phase errors, harmonic errors, noise errors and quantization errors are analyzed, respectively. Based on properties of subdivision errors, the laws of errors and their computing formulae are obtained, then, the fairly complete mathematical results of subdivision errors and precision analysis for photoelectric encoders are formed. The results show that the subdivision precision is about 1.5% generally. It points out that it should pay more attention to the effects of subdivision errors on different technological steps such as code selection, axis design, signal extraction, circuit design and adjusting method, when the subdivision is used to improve the encoder accuracy. The research results are useful for analyzing and distributing errors, forecasting product accuracy and reducing design errors in the product design. 光电编码器 轴角编码器 细分误差 精度分析 photoelectric encoder angle encoder subdivision error precision analysis 叶盛祥.光电位移精密测量技术[M]. 成都:四川科学技术出版社,2003. YE S X. Photoelectric displacement precision measuring technology [M]. Chengdu:Sichuan Science and technology press, 2003.(in Chinese)[2] 李葆勇,王显军. 光电轴角编码器的原理及应用[J]. 伺服控制,2008(12):39-41. LI B Y,WANG X J. Principle and application of photoelectric angle encoder [J]. Servo Control, 2008(12):39-41. (in Chinese)[3] Dr.-Ing.Rainer HagI. 空心轴未装轴承的角度编码器[J]. 制造技术与机床,2003,4:12-15. Dr.-Ing.Rainer HagI. Angular Encoder with Non-bearing Hollow Shaft [J]. Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool. 2003,4:12-15. (in Chinese)[4] 杨进堂. "角度基准"中系统误差的修正[J]. 光学 精密工程,1997,5(1):142-146. YANG J T. Revision of systematic error of angle standard [J]. Opt. Precision Eng., 1997,5(1):142-146. ( in Chinese)[5] 洪喜,续志军,杨宁. 基于径向基函数网络的光电编码器误差补偿法[J]. 光学 精密工程,2008,16(4):598-604. HONG X, XU ZH J, YANG N. Error compensation of optical encoder based on RBF network[J]. Opt. Precision Eng., 2008,16(4):589-604. (in Chinese)[6] 费业泰.误差理论与数据处理[M]. 北京:机械工业出版社,2003. FEI Y T. Error theory and precision data analysis [M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2003.(in Chinese)[7] 刘长顺,王显军,韩旭东,等. 八矩阵超小型绝对式光电编码器[J]. 光学 精密工程,2010,18(2):326-332. LIU C S, WANG X J, HAN X D, et al.. Ultra miniature absolute optical encoder based on eight-matrix coding [J]. Opt. Precision Eng., 2010,18(2):326-332. ( in Chinese)[8] 沈永欢,梁在中.实用数学手册[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1992. SHEN Y H, LIANG Z Z. Practical Handbook of Mathematics[M].Beijing:Science Press.1992. ( in Chinese)[9] 李怀琼,陈钱,王钰. 新型光栅信号数字细分技术及其误差分析[J]. 计量学报,2001,22(4):281-284. LI H Q,CHEN Q,WANG Y.A new digital subdividing technique for grating signal and its error analysis[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica,2001,22(4):281-284. (in Chinese)[10] 吕孟军,郭琪,吕印晓. 莫尔条纹信号相位误差补偿[J]. 光学 精密工程,2009,17(7):1694-1700. LV M J,GUO Q,LU Y X. Signal phase error compen sation of Moire fringe[J]. Opt. Precision Eng., 2009,17(7):1694-1700. ( in Chinese)[11] 祝成军,龙科慧. 光电编码器信号幅值自动补偿方法的研究[J]. 测控技术,2009,28(9):6-12. ZHU C J, LONG K H. Research on the method of signal amplitude automatic compensation for photoelectric encoder [J]. Measurement & Control Technology,2009,28(9):6-12. ( in Chinese)[12] 卢新然,李洪,冯长有. 光电轴角编码器细分误差的Matlab仿真评估方法[J]. 微计算机信息,2005,21(10-1). LU X R, LI H, FENG CH Y. Matlab simulated evaluation method for interpolation errors of photoelectric encoder[J]. Microcomputer Information,2005,21(10-1). ( in Chinese) 10.3788/OPE.20122002.0379 TP212.14;TN762 国家863高技术研究发展计划资助项目(No.2010AA8081122) 2011-11-11 2011-12-06 2012-02-25 2012-02-25 2020-08-11 2 20