应用改进迭代最近点方法的点云数据配准

王欣; 张明明; 于晓; 章明朝

doi:10.3788/OPE.20122009.2068

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应用改进迭代最近点方法的点云数据配准

信息科学 | 更新时间：2020-08-12

- 应用改进迭代最近点方法的点云数据配准
- Point cloud registration based on improved iterative closest point method
- 光学精密工程 2012年20卷第9期页码：2068-2077
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所应用光学国家重点实验室,吉林长春,130033
  2. 吉林大学计算机科学与技术学院,吉林长春,130012
  3. 空军航空大学训练部,吉林长春,130022
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.60905022)();吉林省科技发展计划资助项目(No.201105016)();吉林大学符号计算与知识工程教育部重点实验室开放基金资
- DOI：10.3788/OPE.20122009.2068
  中图分类号： TP391.41
- 收稿日期：2012-04-17，
  
  修回日期：2012-05-23，
  
  纸质出版日期：2012-09-10
- 稿件说明：
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王欣, 张明明, 于晓, 章明朝. 应用改进迭代最近点方法的点云数据配准[J]. 光学精密工程, 2012,20(9): 2068-2077

WANG Xin, ZHANG Ming-ming, YU Xiao, ZHANG Ming-chao. Point cloud registration based on improved iterative closest point method[J]. Editorial Office of Optics and Precision Engineering, 2012,20(9): 2068-2077
王欣, 张明明, 于晓, 章明朝. 应用改进迭代最近点方法的点云数据配准[J]. 光学精密工程, 2012,20(9): 2068-2077 DOI： 10.3788/OPE.20122009.2068.

WANG Xin, ZHANG Ming-ming, YU Xiao, ZHANG Ming-chao. Point cloud registration based on improved iterative closest point method[J]. Editorial Office of Optics and Precision Engineering, 2012,20(9): 2068-2077 DOI： 10.3788/OPE.20122009.2068.

摘要

提出了基于点云边界特征点的改进迭代最近点(ICP)方法来提高逆向工程中点云数据配准的效率和精度。首先

提出了基于点云边界特征点的初始配准方法。对点云最小包围盒进行三维空间划分

建立空间网格模型;运用边界种子网格识别及生长算法

从点云边界提取特征点

运用奇异值矩阵分解法(SVD)求出点云的变换矩阵

得到初始配准结果。然后

提出了改进的ICP精确配准方法。对点云对应点赋予权重

剔除权重大于阈值的点

通过对目标函数引入M-估计(M-estimation)

剔除异常点。最后

在初始配准的基础上

运用改进的ICP方法精确配准。对经典ICP方法和改进ICP方法做对比实验

结果显示

改进方法的配准效率提高了70%以上

误差减小到0.02%。实验表明

本文方法大幅提高了点云配准的效率和精度。

Abstract

An improved Iterative Closest Point (ICP) method based on the boundary feature points of the point cloud is proposed to improve the efficiency and accuracy of point cloud data registration in reverse engineering fields. First

an initial registration method based on the boundary feature points of point cloud is proposed. The method partitions the minimum bounding box of point cloud with grids in a 3D space

and sets up the space grid model. Then

it applies boundary seed grid recognition and growth algorithms to extract feature points from the boundary of point cloud

and works out the transformation matrix using Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) method to get the results of initial registration. Furthermore

an improved ICP accurate registration method is presented. It weighs the corresponding points of the point cloud

eliminates the points whose weight is larger than the threshold

and introduces M-estimation to the objective function to eliminate the abnormal points. Finally

the point cloud is accurately registered by the improved ICP method on the basis of initial registration. Compared with original ICP method

the improved ICP method increases the efficiency by more than 70 percent and reduces the error to 0.02 percent. The experiment results indicate that the method proposed in this paper improves the efficiency and accuracy of point cloud registration greatly.

关键词

Keywords

references

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