广角天文望远镜的自动调焦

黄垒; 辛立平; 韩旭辉; 魏建彦

doi:10.3788/OPE.20152301.0174

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广角天文望远镜的自动调焦

微纳技术与精密机械 | 更新时间：2020-08-13

- 广角天文望远镜的自动调焦
- Auto-focusing of wide-angle astronomical telescope
- 光学精密工程 2015年23卷第1期页码：174-183
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国科学院大学北京,中国,100049
  2. 中国科学院国家天文台北京,100012
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.U1331202)();国家973重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(No.2014CB845800)()
- DOI：10.3788/OPE.20152301.0174
  中图分类号： P111.2
- 收稿日期：2014-07-08，
  
  修回日期：2014-08-20，
  
  纸质出版日期：2015-01-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
黄垒, 辛立平, 韩旭辉等. 广角天文望远镜的自动调焦[J]. 光学精密工程, 2015,23(1): 174-183

HUANG Lei, Xin Li-ping, HAN Xu-hui etc. Auto-focusing of wide-angle astronomical telescope[J]. Editorial Office of Optics and Precision Engineering, 2015,23(1): 174-183
黄垒, 辛立平, 韩旭辉等. 广角天文望远镜的自动调焦[J]. 光学精密工程, 2015,23(1): 174-183 DOI： 10.3788/OPE.20152301.0174.

HUANG Lei, Xin Li-ping, HAN Xu-hui etc. Auto-focusing of wide-angle astronomical telescope[J]. Editorial Office of Optics and Precision Engineering, 2015,23(1): 174-183 DOI： 10.3788/OPE.20152301.0174.

摘要

介绍了一种基于步进电机(无位置检测传感器)和像质反馈的广角天文望远镜自动调焦系统

该系统由步进电机位置开环控制系统和图像清晰度评价系统组成.基于天文图像的特点

提出利用天体点源星像的半高全宽(FWHM)作为图像清晰度的评价参数;为了提高系统精度

对定位控制系统进行了误差分析;测定了调焦当量、光学焦深、系统回差、步进脉冲当量等系统关键机构参数

进而高精度地修正了系统定位误差;分析和测定了温度变化和像质变化的相关性

明确了调焦方向和温度变化之间的定性关系;设计了焦深边缘定位策略

实现了快速调焦.该系统具有"容错"和"自学习"功能

具有较高的自动化和智能化程度.将系统设计应用于SVOM天文卫星地基广角相机阵

[1-2]

(GWAC)

实际测试和天文观测表明

调焦系统的定位精度为3.0 m

调焦精度为0.05 pixel

且一次调焦过程即可获得最佳像质

调焦效率较高

系统运行也很稳定

基本满足天文观测的需求.

Abstract

An auto-focusing system based on a step motor (without position detection sensor) and image quality feedback for an astronomical telescope was introduced

which consists of a step motor position open-loop control subsystem and an image definition evaluation subsystem. Based on the characteristics of astronomical images

the Ful Width at Half Maximum( FWHM)of point source images of stars was used as image definition evaluation parameters. In order to achieve high efficiency of focusing process

the error of the position control system was analyzed. Then

the focusing equivalent

focal depth

system backlash and the step pulse equivalence were measured to correct the system position errors effectively. By analyzing and measuring the correlation between temperature change and image quality change

the qualitative relationship between focusing direction and temperature change was obtained. Moreover

the focal depth edge positioning policy of the focal plane was designed and a fast process focusing was achieved. The system has fault-tolerant function and self learning ability

so it shows higher levels on automation and intelligence. The design above mentioned was applied to a Ground-based Wide-Angle Camera(GWAC) array of SVOM astronomy satellite. Measurement results and astronomical observations show that positioning accuracy of the auto-focusing system is 3.0 m and the focusing accuracy is 0.05 pixel. As it can obtain the best image quality only by one focusing process

it has higher focusing efficiency while containing stable running.

关键词

Keywords

references

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