高精度弹簧三维视觉检测和全面误差比较

宋丽梅; 李晶; 乔琛智; 郭庆华; 习江涛

doi:10.3788/OPE.20162413.0613

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高精度弹簧三维视觉检测和全面误差比较

更新时间：2020-08-13

- 高精度弹簧三维视觉检测和全面误差比较
- High-precision spring 3D visual inspection and comprehensive error comparison
- 光学精密工程 2016年24卷第10s期页码：613-621
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 天津工业大学电工电能新技术天津市重点实验室天津,300387
  2. 澳大利亚伍伦贡大学电气、计算机与通信工程学院,澳大利亚,2500
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目（No.60808020();No.61078041）();天津市应用基础及前沿技术研究计划资助项目（No.10JCYBJC07200）();天
- DOI：10.3788/OPE.20162413.0613
  中图分类号： U260
- 收稿日期：2016-04-15，
  
  修回日期：2016-05-31，
  
  纸质出版日期：2016-11-14
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
宋丽梅, 李晶, 乔琛智等. 高精度弹簧三维视觉检测和全面误差比较[J]. 光学精密工程, 2016,24(10s): 613-621

SONG Li-mei, LI Jing, QIAO Chen-zhi etc. High-precision spring 3D visual inspection and comprehensive error comparison[J]. Editorial Office of Optics and Precision Engineering, 2016,24(10s): 613-621
宋丽梅, 李晶, 乔琛智等. 高精度弹簧三维视觉检测和全面误差比较[J]. 光学精密工程, 2016,24(10s): 613-621 DOI： 10.3788/OPE.20162413.0613.

SONG Li-mei, LI Jing, QIAO Chen-zhi etc. High-precision spring 3D visual inspection and comprehensive error comparison[J]. Editorial Office of Optics and Precision Engineering, 2016,24(10s): 613-621 DOI： 10.3788/OPE.20162413.0613.

摘要

为了实现对弹簧各参数的精密测量和误差比较，设计了三维弹簧多参数综合测量系统，建立了弹簧三维误差全面比较理论。对该系统采用结构光条立体匹配技术、基于图像归一化转动惯量的模式识别方法、线性最小二乘法、ICP等算法进行研究。首先，采用高精度环状编码标记点对双目相机进行标定。接着，利用投射结构光条技术进行立体匹配。然后，利用归一化转动惯量方法进行特征提取，从而进行立体拼接，得到弹簧的三维点云，通过使用弦高差法进行噪声去除、滤波平滑后得到STL模型。再对三维点云进行圆柱拟合和平面拟合来评价弹簧的长度和圆柱度，最后，建立弹簧三维误差全面比较理论，对不合格弹簧进行快速识别。实验结果表明：三维检测出的点云与物体唯一相关，景深可以达到300 mm，因此避免了由于摄像机和弹簧相对位置变化而引起的误差，采用二维图像和三维检测相结合，精度可以达到0.05 mm，另外，使用弹簧三维误差全面比较理论可以使得弹簧检测系统具有更快的检测速度。本论文所使用的三维视觉弹簧检测方法，属于高精度非接触无损测量，稳定可靠，精度高，速度快，可以满足在线检测的要求。

Abstract

In order to achieve precision measurement of the spring parameters and error comparison

three-dimensional spring multi-parameter measurement system was designed. A three-dimensional spring error comparison theory was established. Algorithm such as pinstripe exponential growth stereo matching technology

pattern recognition method for rotational inertia based on image normalization

linear least square method were applied in this paper. First

high-precision cyclic coded targets were applied in binocular camera calibration

take advantage of structured light stripe technology

it was implemented to stereo matching. Then

Normalized moment of inertia was introduced for feature extraction to obtain a three-dimensional point cloud of the spring. The chord method was used to reduct noise

and the STL model was obtained by filtering. And then the three-dimension length and cylindricity of the spring wre evaluated through Cylindrical fitting and plane fitting of 3D point choud. Finally

a comprehensive spring three-dimensional error comparison theory was set up to comply a rapid identification of unqualified spring. The results show that three-dimensional point cloud detected uniquely associated with the object and the depth of field can reach 300 mm

thus avoiding errors due to the changes in the relative position of the camera and the spring

and the combination of two-dimensional image and three-dimensional detection

so that the accuracy can reach 0.05 mm. The spring measurement system has a faster detection speed due to the comprehensive spring three-dimensional error comparison theory. The proposed three-dimensional visual spring detection method is high-precision

non-contact and non-destructive measurement. The method also has advantage of stable and fast detect speed which meets the requirements of online testing.

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