基于单帧双脉冲成像的降水微物理特征测量仪

刘西川; 高太长; 胡云涛; 舒小健; 翟东力

doi:10.3788/OPE.20172504.0842

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基于单帧双脉冲成像的降水微物理特征测量仪

现代应用光学 | 更新时间：2020-07-07

- 基于单帧双脉冲成像的降水微物理特征测量仪
- Precipitation micro-physical characteristics sensor based on double-pulse in single frame imaging
- 光学精密工程 2017年25卷第4期页码：842-849
- 作者机构：
  
  1.解放军理工大学气象海洋学院, 江苏南京 211101
  2.解放军93318部队气象台, 辽宁开原 112300
  3.南京英恩特环境技术有限公司, 江苏南京 210007
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "刘西川 (1985-), 男, 河北清河人, 讲师, 2007年、2010年、2014年于解放军理工大学分别获得学士、硕士、博士学位, 主要从事大气探测与大气遥感方面的研究。E-mail:liuxc2012@hotmail.com" ]
  高太长 (1958-), 男, 山西太原人, 教授, 博士生导师, 1982年于原空军气象学院获得学士学位, 主要从事大气探测理论与技术方面的研究。E-mail:2009gaotc@gmail.comGAO Tai-chang,E-mail:2009gaotc@gmail.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金科学仪器基础研究专款项目(41327003);国家自然科学基金青年项目(41505135);江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20150708)
- DOI：10.3788/OPE.20172504.0842
  中图分类号： P414.9
- 收稿日期：2016-09-20，
  
  录用日期：2016-11-20，
  
  纸质出版日期：2017-04-25
- 稿件说明：
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刘西川, 高太长, 胡云涛, 等. 基于单帧双脉冲成像的降水微物理特征测量仪[J]. 光学精密工程, 2017,25(4):842-849.

Xi-chuan LIU, Tai-chang GAO, Yun-tao HU, et al. Precipitation micro-physical characteristics sensor based on double-pulse in single frame imaging[J]. Optics and precision engineering, 2017, 25(4): 842-849.
刘西川, 高太长, 胡云涛, 等. 基于单帧双脉冲成像的降水微物理特征测量仪[J]. 光学精密工程, 2017,25(4):842-849. DOI： 10.3788/OPE.20172504.0842.

Xi-chuan LIU, Tai-chang GAO, Yun-tao HU, et al. Precipitation micro-physical characteristics sensor based on double-pulse in single frame imaging[J]. Optics and precision engineering, 2017, 25(4): 842-849. DOI： 10.3788/OPE.20172504.0842.

摘要

为了实现对降水粒子尺度、形状、速度等微物理特征的同步测量，提出了一种基于单帧双脉冲成像的降水粒子测量方法，并搭建了降水微物理特征测量仪样机，该样机由脉冲光源、面阵图像传感器、以数字信号处理（DSP）芯片为核心的采集与控制单元、数据处理单元组成。然后研究了利用点扩散函数进行图像复原的方法，以及利用曝光参数进行粒子捕获概率修正的方法，并利用定标小球进行了检验。最后使用该仪器在南京地区进行了降雨外场实验，并与OTT雨滴谱仪进行对比。实验结果表明：仪器可以同步测量雨滴的形状、轴比、速度与尺度等微物理特征，与经验模型具有良好的一致性；与OTT雨滴谱仪的雨滴谱分布和降雨强度有很好的一致性，二者测量降雨强度的标准偏差为1.57 mm/h，相关系数达到96%。该仪器对降水微物理特征具有更好的测量效果，可以在野外长期无人值守运行，在大气物理研究、数值天气预报模式、水文学研究等领域有着广阔的应用前景。

Abstract

In order to realize synchronize measurement of size

shape

fall velocity and other micro-physical characteristics of precipitation particles

an imaging method based on the double exposures in one frame was proposed

and a Precipitation Micro-physical Characteristics Sensor (PMCS) was established. The PMCS prototype consisted of pulse light source

planar array image sensor

signal processing and control unit with a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) as the core and data processing unit. Then an image restoration method based on the point spread function and capture probability correction approach using exposure parameters were investigated and verified with calibration balls. Finally

the PMCS was employed to field experiments in Nanjing

where the measurement results were compared with the one of OTT distrometer. The results indicate that the PMCS is able to measure the shape

axis ratio

size and fall velocity of raindrops effectivity accurately and synchronously. The measured values of those characteristics are hihly consistent with empirical models. The raindrop size distribution and rainrate measured by PMCS and OTT disdrometer show good consistency for the average error of rainrate is 1.57 mm/h and the correlation coefficient can reach 96%. The proposed instrument can provide comprehensive measurement of micro-physical features and realize unattended long-term stable operation

thus having a promising prospect in the fields such as atmospheric physics

numerical weather forecasting model

hydrological research and etc..

关键词

Keywords

references

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