低温环境下材料膨胀系数和润滑对望远镜负载扭矩的影响

杜福嘉; 李朋辉

doi:10.3788/OPE.20182603.0616

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低温环境下材料膨胀系数和润滑对望远镜负载扭矩的影响

微纳技术与精密机械 | 更新时间：2020-07-05

- 低温环境下材料膨胀系数和润滑对望远镜负载扭矩的影响
- Effect of material expansion coefficient and lubrication on telescope load torque under low temperature
- 光学精密工程 2018年26卷第3期页码：616-623
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所, 江苏南京 210042
  2.中国科学院天文光学技术重点实验室, 江苏南京 210042
  3.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "杜福嘉(1975-), 男, 辽宁北票人, 副研究员, 2006年于中科院南京天文光学技术研究所获得硕士学位, 主要从事望远镜控制技术、极端环境影响等方面的研究。E-mail:fjdu@niaot.ac.cn" ]
  李朋辉(1991-), 男, 河南郑州人, 硕士研究生, 主要从事精密仪器及机械、模态识别与分析等方面的研究。E-mail:yangwangpo@126.com LI Peng-hui, E-mail: yangwangpo@126.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(11373049);国家自然科学基金资助项目(11190013)
- DOI：10.3788/OPE.20182603.0616
  中图分类号： TH133
- 收稿日期：2017-07-28，
  
  录用日期：2017-10-9，
  
  纸质出版日期：2018-03-25
- 稿件说明：
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杜福嘉, 李朋辉. 低温环境下材料膨胀系数和润滑对望远镜负载扭矩的影响[J]. 光学精密工程, 2018,26(3):616-623.

Fu-jia DU, Peng-hui LI. Effect of material expansion coefficient and lubrication on telescope load torque under low temperature[J]. Optics and precision engineering, 2018, 26(3): 616-623.
杜福嘉, 李朋辉. 低温环境下材料膨胀系数和润滑对望远镜负载扭矩的影响[J]. 光学精密工程, 2018,26(3):616-623. DOI： 10.3788/OPE.20182603.0616.

Fu-jia DU, Peng-hui LI. Effect of material expansion coefficient and lubrication on telescope load torque under low temperature[J]. Optics and precision engineering, 2018, 26(3): 616-623. DOI： 10.3788/OPE.20182603.0616.

摘要

为了深入研究望远镜的负载扭矩随着温度降低而增大的机理，提高低温下伺服系统的跟踪精度。首先分析了轴承摩擦扭矩的各种影响因素和低温对负载扭矩的影响，研究了润滑剂黏度随温度的变化规律，试验对比了有无添加润滑脂情况下负载扭矩的变化，结果表明在低温下无润滑脂时负载扭矩的波动减少并且线性度提高。其次分析了轴承摩擦扭矩和间隙的关系，采用电阻应变片法测量不同材料在不同温度下的热膨胀系数，建立起材料膨胀系数和扭矩的相关特性，结果表明低温下负载扭矩是常温下的6.67倍，而材料尺寸的最大缩短量达到960

。通过对低温负载扭矩机理的研究，可为低温环境下望远镜的精确控制提供理论和试验数据。

Abstract

In order to improve the accuracy of the servo system at low temperature

the mechanism that the load torque of the telescope increase along with the temperature decrease must be deeply understood. Firstly

the influence factors of friction torque of bearing and the influence of low temperature on load torque were analyzed. The lubricant viscosity with temperature variation was studied. The relationship between load torque and grease was tested and discussed. The results indicate that the fluctuation of load torque without the grease at low temperature is decreased and the linearity of load torque is increased. The influence of clearance on bearing friction torque was also analyzed. The expansion coefficient of different materials at different temperatures was measured by resistance strain gauge method. The correlation coefficient between torque and material expansion was established. The result indicates that the load torque at low temperature is 6.67 times load torque at normal temperature

and the maximum of shortening of material reaches 960

. The research on the mechanism of cryogenic load torque in this paper can provide theoretical and experimental data for the precise control of the telescope under extreme environment.

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