轻小型无人机云台机电多目标优化

周向阳; 朱军; 时延君

doi:10.3788/OPE.20182611.2754

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轻小型无人机云台机电多目标优化

微纳技术与精密机械 | 更新时间：2020-07-05

- 轻小型无人机云台机电多目标优化
- Multi-objective optimization on mechatronic system of a light and small pan-tilt system for unmanned aerial vehicle application
- 光学精密工程 2018年26卷第11期页码：2754-2763
- 作者机构：
  
  1.北京航空航天大学仪器科学与光电工程学院, 北京 100191
  2.北京航空航天大学惯性技术重点实验室, 北京 100191
  3.西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室, 陕西西安 710049
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "周向阳(1971-)，男，河南洛阳人，博士，研究员，2008年于西安交通大学获得博士学位，主要从事机电一体化技术、惯性稳定平台设计与应用、微机电系统技术的研究。E-mail：xyzhou@buaa.edu.cn" ]
  [ "朱军(1993-)，男，河北人，硕士，2015年于西安交通大学获得学士学位，2018年于北京航空航天大学获得硕士学位。主要从事惯性稳定平台系统结构设计与控制的研究。E-mail：zhujunz@buaa.edu.cn" ]
  [ "时延君(1994-)，女，硕士研究生，山东潍坊人，2017年于北京工业大学获得学士学位，主要从事惯性稳定平台系统结构设计与控制的研究。E-mail:shiyanjun@buaa.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金面上项目资助(51775017);国家自然科学基金面上项目资助(51375036);北京市自然科学基金面上项目资助(3182021);机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室开放课题研究基金资助项目(sklms2018005)
- DOI：10.3788/OPE.20182611.2754
  中图分类号： TP394.1;TH691.9
- 收稿日期：2018-03-22，
  
  录用日期：2018-5-2，
  
  纸质出版日期：2018-11-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
周向阳, 朱军, 时延君. 轻小型无人机云台机电多目标优化[J]. 光学精密工程, 2018,26(11):2754-2763.

Xiang-yang ZHOU, Jun ZHU, Yan-jun SHI. Multi-objective optimization on mechatronic system of a light and small pan-tilt system for unmanned aerial vehicle application[J]. Optics and precision engineering, 2018, 26(11): 2754-2763.
周向阳, 朱军, 时延君. 轻小型无人机云台机电多目标优化[J]. 光学精密工程, 2018,26(11):2754-2763. DOI： 10.3788/OPE.20182611.2754.

Xiang-yang ZHOU, Jun ZHU, Yan-jun SHI. Multi-objective optimization on mechatronic system of a light and small pan-tilt system for unmanned aerial vehicle application[J]. Optics and precision engineering, 2018, 26(11): 2754-2763. DOI： 10.3788/OPE.20182611.2754.

摘要

轻小型多旋翼无人机云台是一种复杂机电伺服系统，要求兼具轻质量与快响应等机电特性。本文针对传统方法在机电伺服系统中设计的不足，以轻小型多旋翼无人机云台为研究对象，提出一种针对系统带宽的机电多目标优化设计方法。方法中，系统结构部分通过灵敏度分析得到7个尺寸设计参数，并以一阶模态和质量为目标进行优化；系统控制部分以速率环和位置环控制器参数为设计变量，并以上升时间、调节时间和绝对积分误差（Integral Absolute Error，IAE）为目标进行优化。在优化设计中，将近似模型与多目标遗传算法相结合，以降低优化复杂度、并提高优化效率及全局寻优能力。对方法进行仿真分析，结果表明：相比初始结构系统和控制系统模型，采用机电多目标优化设计方法后，结构部分质量降低了8.8%，控制部分IAE型积分误差、调节时间及上升时间等主要性能参数分别降低了54.8%、81.9%和53.4%。最后采用锤击法对云台结构进行模态实验，实验得到的一阶模态频率与优化结果的误差为13.4%。说明提出方法可有效实现云台系统机电总体多目标优化。

Abstract

The light and small pan-tilt system of a multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle is a complicated electromechanical servo system that requires a number of desirable properties such as light weight and rapid response to be realized. We focus on the inherent limitations of the traditional methods in the electromechanical servo-system design to present a multi-objective optimization method for a mechatronic system based on the bandwidth. For the structure system

seven-dimensional parameters were selected using sensitivity analysis in which the mass and first-order natural frequency are considered as the optimization goals. For the control system

the controller parameters in the rate and position loops are selected as design variables in which the rise time

regulating time

and integral absolute error (IAE) are considered as the optimization goals. In the optimization process

an optimization method that combines the approximation model and multi-objective genetic algorithm is proposed to reduce the complexity

improve the efficiency

and improve the overall optimization ability during the optimization process. Simulations are then conducted to verify the proposed method. The results show that

compared with the original model of the control and structure systems

the mass

IAE

regulating time

and rise time are reduced by 8.8%

54.8%

81.9%

and 53.4%

respectively. Finally

a modal pan-tilt experiment is carried out by hammering

and the error in the experimental and optimization results is found to be 13.4%. Therefore

the optimization method is effective.

关键词

Keywords

references

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