多功能天文经纬仪光轴指向变化实测与修正

张桢君; 程向明; 张益恭; 冒蔚

doi:10.3788/OPE.20192711.2321

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多功能天文经纬仪光轴指向变化实测与修正

现代应用光学 | 更新时间：2020-08-13

- 多功能天文经纬仪光轴指向变化实测与修正
- Measurement and calibration of optical axis changes for multi-function astronomical theodolite
- 光学精密工程 2019年27卷第11期页码：2321-2329
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院云南天文台，云南昆明 650216
  2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
  3.中国科学院天体结构与演化重点实验室，云南昆明 650216
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "张桢君(1990-)，男，河南安阳人，博士研究生，2014年于安阳师范学院获得学士学位, 主要从事空间目标天体测量观测等研究。E-mail:zjzhang@ynao.ac.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(11503083);国家自然科学基金项目(11403101);国家自然科学基金项目(11673084);国家自然科学基金项目(U1331109);西部之光
- DOI：10.3788/OPE.20192711.2321
  中图分类号： TH752;P127.2;P127.3
- 收稿日期：2019-04-12，
  
  录用日期：2019-5-30，
  
  纸质出版日期：2019-11-15
- 稿件说明：
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张桢君, 程向明, 张益恭, 等. 多功能天文经纬仪光轴指向变化实测与修正[J]. 光学精密工程, 2019,27(11):2321-2329.

Zhen-jun ZHANG, Xiang-ming CHENG, Yi-gong ZHANG, et al. Measurement and calibration of optical axis changes for multi-function astronomical theodolite[J]. Optics and precision engineering, 2019, 27(11): 2321-2329.
张桢君, 程向明, 张益恭, 等. 多功能天文经纬仪光轴指向变化实测与修正[J]. 光学精密工程, 2019,27(11):2321-2329. DOI： 10.3788/OPE.20192711.2321.

Zhen-jun ZHANG, Xiang-ming CHENG, Yi-gong ZHANG, et al. Measurement and calibration of optical axis changes for multi-function astronomical theodolite[J]. Optics and precision engineering, 2019, 27(11): 2321-2329. DOI： 10.3788/OPE.20192711.2321.

摘要

光轴指向变化是地面天体测量误差最大来源之一，对光轴指向变化进行准确测量和修正是获取高精度天体测量数据的必要前提。针对云南天文台多功能天文经纬仪高精度时纬测量工作的需求，分析和测定了光轴指向变化对时纬测量的影响。首先，介绍了多功能天文经纬仪实时测定光轴指向变化的原理和方法，然后对望远镜光轴指向变化进行了实时测定和分析。实验结果表明，由于镜筒受重力的影响，相较于测时结果而言，光轴指向变化对测纬结果的影响更大。在天顶距为55°时，最大可以达到2.5″。经过光轴指向变化修正后，测纬精度由1.37″提高到了0.36″，测时精度由0.033 s提高到了0.023 s。通过分析光轴指向变化的实时测定结果可以看出时纬测量精度有了显著改善，基本满足高精度天体测量需求。

Abstract

Telescopic Optical Axis Change (OAC) is the main source of systematic errors in astrometry. Real-time determination and calibration of OAC are the foundation for obtaining high-quality astrometric data. The determination and analysis of the influence of OAC on time and latitude measurements should be performed to meet the requirements of high-quality astrometric results. First

the influence of OAC on time and latitude measurements were analyzed. The method of determining OAC for multifunction astronomical theodolite was introduced. Then

we determined the OAC in real time and analyzed the results. The experimental results indicate that the influence of OAC on latitude measurement can reach to 2.5" when the zenith distance is 55°. The precision of latitude measurement can reach 0.36" from 1.37" after the calibration of OCA. The precision of time measurement can reach 0.023 s from 0.033 s after the calibration of OCA. The precision of latitude and time measurements significantly improved and can satisfy the requirements of high-quality astrometry after the measurement and calibration of OAC in real time.

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