Sunlight avoidance planning method for data transmission with phased array of low-earth orbit optical satellites

TONG Xin; QU Youyang; LIU Jiebing; SONG Xinyu; DAI Lu

doi:10.37188/OPE.20243206.0822

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Sunlight avoidance planning method for data transmission with phased array of low-earth orbit optical satellites

Micro/Nano Technology and Fine Mechanics | 更新时间：2024-03-31

- Sunlight avoidance planning method for data transmission with phased array of low-earth orbit optical satellites
- Optics and Precision Engineering Vol. 32, Issue 6, Pages: 822-832(2024)
- 作者机构：
  
  长光卫星技术股份有限公司，吉林长春 130102
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.37188/OPE.20243206.0822
  CLC： V448.2
- Published：25 March 2024，
  
  Received：12 May 2023，
  
  Revised：09 October 2023，
- 稿件说明：
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童鑫,曲友阳,刘洁冰等.低轨光学卫星相控阵数传期间太阳光规避方法[J].光学精密工程,2024,32(06):822-832.

TONG Xin,QU Youyang,LIU Jiebing,et al.Sunlight avoidance planning method for data transmission with phased array of low-earth orbit optical satellites[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2024,32(06):822-832.
童鑫,曲友阳,刘洁冰等.低轨光学卫星相控阵数传期间太阳光规避方法[J].光学精密工程,2024,32(06):822-832. DOI： 10.37188/OPE.20243206.0822.

TONG Xin,QU Youyang,LIU Jiebing,et al.Sunlight avoidance planning method for data transmission with phased array of low-earth orbit optical satellites[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2024,32(06):822-832. DOI： 10.37188/OPE.20243206.0822.

摘要

为防止低轨光学卫星相控阵数传任务过程中相机进光而对传感器造成损伤，提出了一种相控阵数传任务期间的太阳光姿态规避方法。首先，计算出地心固连坐标系中卫星指向太阳的向量与卫星指向地面数传站的向量，并建立两向量所在平面的单位法向量。其次，以单位法向量为旋转轴使卫星指向地面数传站的向量以相控阵最大离轴角进行旋转，旋转后的向量即为卫星在地心固连坐标系下的太阳光规避向量。然后，通过太阳光规避向量、地心固联坐标系中卫星的位置及地心固联坐标系到轨道坐标系的转换矩阵，规划卫星在轨道坐标系下的太阳光规避姿态并计算出相控阵指向角。最后，在吉林一号高分02D星上进行了仿真分析和在轨试验。仿真结果表明，在相控阵最大波束角为60°的情况下，卫星使用太阳光姿态规避方法进行数传后，在12月份内相机与太阳光夹角在90°以下的概率由传统凝视姿态数传方法的44.1%降低为2.1%。吉林一号高分02D星在轨试验结果表明，近似相同条件下的两次数传任务在使用太阳光姿态规避方法进行数传后，相机与太阳光的夹角由传统凝视姿态的31.3°~152.1°提升为96.3°~180°，验证了太阳光姿态规避方法可在数传任务期间有效规避太阳光，保证了低轨光学卫星相机在轨的安全性和可靠性。

Abstract

In order to prevent damage to the sensor caused by the camera receiving light during the phased array transmission process of low-earth orbit optical satellites， this paper proposes a sun avoidance method for phased array transmission tasks. Firstly， the vector pointing from the satellite to the sun in the geocentric fixed coordinate system and the vector pointing from the satellite to the ground station for phased array transmission were calculated， and the unit normal vector of the plane containing the two vectors was also calculated. Secondly， the vector pointing from the satellite to the ground station for data transmission was rotated at the maximum off-axis angle of the phased array by using the unit normal vector as the rotation axis， and the resulting vector was the sun avoidance vector of the satellite in the geocentric fixed coordinate system. Then， the expected attitude of the satellite in the orbital coordinate system was calculated by using the sun avoidance vector， the position of the satellite in the geocentric fixed coordinate system， and the transformation matrix from the geocentric fixed coordinate system to the orbital coordinate system， and the phased array pointing angle was also calculated. Finally， mathematical simulations and on-orbit tests of the proposed method were applied for the Jilin1-GF02D satellite. The simulation results show that when the maximum beam angle of the phased array is 60°， the probability of the camera and the sun angle being less than 90° during transmission using the sun avoidance method is reduced from 44.1% using the traditional staring attitude transmission method to 2.1% in December. The on-orbit tests of the Jilin1-GF02D satellite show that， when using the sun avoidance method under approximately the same conditions， the angle between the camera and the sun during transmission is increased from 31.3°-152.1°using the traditional staring attitude to 96.3°-180°， which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the sunlight avoidance method.

关键词

光学卫星相控阵数传太阳光规避期望姿态吉林一号高分02D星

Keywords

optical satellitephased array transmissionsunlight avoidanceexpected attitudeJilin1-GF02D satellite

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