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Issue 10 ， 2016
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Illumination uniformity of an imaging system for on-line visual ferrograph
Abstract：To evaluate quantitatively the uniformity of image illumination for an On-line Visual Ferrograph (OLVF)imaging system, a new mathematical model of image illumination was presented. The view field of an object space was represented by image space parameters and optical magnification, then it was discretized into a micro area. By taking Lambert-cosine law as reference, the image illumination model based on the aperture of entrance pupil was established, the image illumination distribution was calculated relia Keywords：On-line Visual Ferrograph(OLVF);imaging system;Light Emitting Diode(LED);illumination uniformity;image illumination model;image uniformity evaluation- 85
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Current status and trends of stitching interferometry in synchrotron radiation field
Abstract：In synchrotron radiation field, the apertures of optical components increase gradually and their surface figure precisions have been demanded to be a nano-radian level. This paper researches the modern surface figure measurement methods in this field, stitching interferometry, to realize the high resolution two-dimensional measurement of optical components. The basic principles of the stitching interferometry are introduced. Then, a series of common optical surface shape measurement instruments in the synch Keywords：optical element;surface figure test;stitching interferometry;synchrotron radiation;overview- 155
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Non-equivalence correction of solar irradiance absolute radiometer
Abstract：As the non-equivalence of absolute radiometers has complex sources and it is difficult to be measured, this paper proposes the finite element method to correct the non-equivalence of a Solar Irradiance Absolute Radiometer (SIAR).On the basis of the measuring method the SIAR, the nonlinear thermal dynamic response of the cavity in vacuum was tested. A finite element model with a relative error of 0.14% for an experimental cavity was established based on the finite element method to test the temperature respo Keywords：Solar Irradiance Absolute Radiometer(SIAR);finite element method;non-equivalence;temperature response- 59
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Temperature compensated GMM-FBG current sensor
Abstract：Based on Giant Magnetostritive Materials(GMMs), a novel GMM-FBG (Fiber Brager Grating) current sensor with automatic temperature compensation is proposed by combing a sensing fiber Bragg grating (S-FBG) and an auxiliary fiber Bragg grating (A-FBG). The sensor cascades the S-FBG and the A-FBG and pasts them crossly on the GMM bars, then puts them into a magnetic circuit consisted of the ferrites. The radial direction of S-FBG is controlled the same as the direction of magnetic field, and that of the A-FBG is Keywords：optical fiber current sensor;Fiber Bragg Grating(FBG);Giant Magnetostrictive Material(GMM);temperature compensation- 105
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Absolute optical angle encoder used for laser communication terminal on satellite platform
Abstract：To control precisely the 2D rotation stable of a laser communication terminal unit on the satellite platform, a special optical angle encoder was designed to measure the rotary angle of the 2D rotation stable to realize the close control of the terminal unit. The grating disk, index grating and a signal pick-up method were designed and chosen respectively on the basis of design requirements of angle measurement device in the laser communication terminal. An absolute type binary coding was combined with a hi Keywords：laser communication;optical angle encoder;absolute angle encoder;angle measurement;measurement precision- 197
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Published：2020-07-07
Modern Applied Optics
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Influence factors of Czerny-Turner edge band astigmatism correction
Abstract：To improve the weak correcting capacity of a wide band Czerny-Turner structure, the influence factors on the astigmatism correction of an optical system were analyzed. The Matlab software was used to simulate and analyze the reasons that the astigmatism was produced and the traditional method could not suppress the astigmatism. Then, the dependence of the angle difference α between the off-axis angle of collimator mirror and the off-axis angle of focusing mirror on the astigmatism S of the optical system wa Keywords：optical design;Czerny-Turner structure;astigmatism correction;edge band- 87
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Explosive identification based on terahertz time-domain spectral system
Abstract：The principle and composition of terahertz time-domain spectrum systems were described, and a terahertz time-domain spectrum system ranged from 0.1 THz to 3 THz was developed. The characters and predominance of terahertz time-domain spectrum technology on explosive identification were introduced and a mathematical model and a method for the explosive identification were proposed. The terahertz time-domain spectrum system was used to test the character absorbing spectra of explosives and main absorbing spect Keywords：terahertz time-domain spectral system;character absorbing spectrum;explosive identification;matching identification- 130
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Analysis of laser welding keyhole characteristics based on near-infrared high speed camera and X-ray sensing
Abstract：As the characteristic parameters of a multi-sensing keyhole reflect effectively the welding quality of high power lasers, this paper researches the extraction method of keyhole characteristic information and establishes a prediction model for welding formation. By taking a high power disk laser to weld 304 austenitic stainless steel plates for an example, a near-infrared high-speed camera and an X-ray vision imaging system were used to capture the molten images in welding processing and to obtain the keyhol Keywords：high-power disk laser welding;stainless steel plate;keyhole characteristic;weld forming prediction;feature fusion;near-infrared analysis;X-ray analysis- 97
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Non-contact measurement for liquid refractive index in a closed pipe
Abstract：To measure the Refractive Index (RI) of transparent liquid and translucence liquid in industrial process in real-time, in situ and non-contact, a simple method for measuring liquid RI was proposed based on the optical property of glass pipe wall is presented in this paper. By coating a transmission-scattering layer on the outer wall surface of a glass pipe, the incident laser beam was transformed into a wide-angle distributed transmitted scattering light in the glass wall. After the scattered light reached Keywords：non-contact measurement;liquid refractive index;glass pipe;oval dark pattern- 91
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Indoor positioning by using scanning infrared laser and ultrasonic technology
Abstract：Because traditional positioning methods can not satisfy its requirements for high accuracy, high integration, multi-task and real-time, an indoor positioning method by using laser ranging technology is proposed for industrial manufacturing fields. This method transmits rotation scanning plane laser signals and ultrasonic pulse signals through a measurement base station. It uses rotation scanning plane infrared laser to form a multi-plane constraint, and uses high precision ultrasonic ranging to form a dista Keywords：indoor positioning method;scanning infrared laser;ultrasonic ranging;laser ranging;non-linear constraint- 83
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- 16
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Published：2020-07-07
Modern Applied Optic
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Design of supper low disturbance torque air bearing table with active compensation
Abstract：As the output moments of reaction wheels for micro-satellites and nano-satellites are the same as the disturbance moment of an Air Bearing Table (ABT), the attitude dynamic simulation and ground test of the micro-satellites and nano-satellites can not be implemented directly by the ABT. To solve the problems, an active compensation ABT with a supper low disturbance moment was designed and developed. The disturbance moment of the ABT was analyzed and three kinds of methods to reduce the disturbance moment we Keywords：micro-satellites and nano-satellite;air bearing table;disturbance torque;active compensation- 78
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Simulation and experiment of thermal properties for micro-expansion type heat switch with micron stroke
Abstract：To improve the heat-dissipation regulation capability and thermal environment adaptability of space thermal control subsystem, a micro-expansion type heat switch with micron stroke was designed. The structural components and operating principle of the switch were introduced, and the key thermal properties of heat switch, including OFF resistance, ON resistance and ON/OFF ratio, were evaluated by combination of theory, simulation and experiments. Theoretical thermal properties of heat switch is calculated ba Keywords：micro-expansion type heat switch;thermal property;simulation and experiment;ON resistance;OFF resistance- 98
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Design of infrared temperature measurement system for micro heat pipe
Abstract：According to the characteristics of Micro Heat Pipe(MHP) in an integrated Light Emitting Diode (LED) on small sizes, fast temperature rising and temperature change,as well temperature gradient, a non-contact infrared temperature measurement system was conducted to measure the temperature of different feature regions of th MHP integrated with LED chips. The signal acquisition and conversion, error analysis and compensation, characteristic indexes of temperature measuring and heat performance experiments of t Keywords：infrared temperature measurement system;noncontact measurement;temperature measurement;micro heat pipe;heat performance;Light Emitting Diode(LED)- 84
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Data recording in digital form on sapphire optical disk
Abstract：To achieve long-term data storage on a sapphire optical disk, this paper researches how to record data on the sapphire optical disk surface in a digital form. On the basis of Eyring equation, the time-to-failure of data recording on the substrates made of inorganic materials was estimated. The data recording process on the sapphire optical disk with the substrate made of sapphire in digital form was introduced. Dry etching techniques as well as an ion beam etching system were emphasized. Experimental result Keywords：sapphire optical disk;optical data storage;long term data storage;dry etching- 61
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Novel support for 1.2 m Zerodur primary mirror
Abstract：For a 1.2 m Zerodur primary mirror, an effective primary mirror support system was proposed. A lateral support based on 6 sets of flexible tangent link structures and an axial support based on 18 sets of semi-flexible Whiffletree structures were combined to ensure the primary mirror to maintain good surface figure accuracy and system stiffness at a larger temperature range and different elevation angles. The working principle of the system was analyzed and the surface figure accuracy of the primary mirror a Keywords：zerodur primary mirror;primary mirror support;surface figure test;modal test;Finite Element Analysis(FEA)- 85
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Flexible dynamic modeling and error coupling of parallel measuring machine
Abstract：To solve the contradiction between speed and precision for a high speed mechanism, the flexible problem of a 3-RR-P parallel measuring machine was researched. On the basis of the elastic beam kinematics theory and Galerkin modal truncation method, a kinematics deformation model of one-dimensional elastic beam was established. Then, a flexible rod was assumed to be Euler-Bernoulli beam, the flexible structure coupling dynamics model considering the deformation of midline was built based on Hamilton principle Keywords：parallel measuring machine;flexible dynamics;modeling;high-order elastic vibration;coupling error- 54
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Improvement of forecasting robustness of time series model for thermal error on CNC machine tool
Abstract：When the time series algorithm is used to establish a thermal error compensation model for a Computer Numerical Controlled (CNC) Machine, it shows a shortcoming of forecasting robustness caused by the severe multiple collinearity. This paper proposes a method for improving the forecasting robustness of the time series algorithm. This algorithm combines the time series algorithm with the modeling algorithms which are able to suppress multiple collinearity. Thus, it not only provides more comprehensive temper Keywords：Numerical Controlled Machine(NCM)tool;thermal error;time series model;forecasting robustness;principal component distribution lag algorithm- 87
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Polishing characteristics of fixed-abrasive pad by using nano-aggregate silica
Abstract：A kind of fixed-abrasive pad by using nano-aggregate silica was proposed to overcome the shortcomings of the pads using conventional silica abrasives on its surface scratch and low removal efficiency. The nano-aggregate silica particles were added into the fixed-silica pad,and the polishing experiments of Si wafer were performed using this pad with D.I.water of pH=10.5 instead of conventional nanosilica polishing slurry. Several investigations were performed by comparing with fixed-silica pads using convent Keywords：fixed-abrasive pad;nano-aggregate silica;chemical removal material;micro-scratch;micron particle size effect- 66
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Electrospinning of aligned PVDF nanofibers with piezoelectricity and its application in pressure sensors
Abstract：It has complex process and lower efficiency when traditional electrospinning preparation method is used to prepare the poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) piezoelectric fibers, so this paper proposes a new method for the PVDFs by using a rotation drum to collect aligned PVDF nanofibers. Aligned fiber membranes with different alignment degrees were collected by changing the rotating speed. Then, the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to analyze the content of β phase of the fiber membranes Keywords：electrospinning;rotating drum collection;aligned Poly Vinylidene Fluoride(PVDF)nanofiber;piezoelectric property;pressure sensor- 109
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Closed-loop servo control of photo-induced micro displacement of PLZT ceramic
Abstract：An optical control servo system for micro displacement was proposed based on the photodeformation effect of PLZT(Lead Lanthanum Zirconate Titanate) ceramic and its closed-loop servo control characteristic was researched via an experiment method. The control equations of servo system were derived based on the mathematical model of PLZT with coupled multi-physics fields. Then, parameters in photodeformation expression of PLZT ceramic during light on/off phases were identified through the static experiment. An Keywords：PLZT ceramic;closed-loop servo control;photodeformation;optical driving;micro displacement- 75
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Influence of micro-vibration of flywheel components on optical axis of high resolution optical satellite
Abstract：To explore the influence of micro-vibration of flywheel components on the imaging quality of a high resolution optical satellite, a flywheel component disturbance model and a whole structure dynamic model of the satellite were established. The ground disturbance of flywheel components was tested, the analysis of the measured data shows that there is series of first harmonics at the first order frequency 50 Hz, and a series of peaks independent on rotation speeds around the 190 Hz and 280 Hz. Then, the unit Keywords：high resolution optical satellite;flywheel;micro-vibration;micro-vibration optical axis;angular displacement;image quality- 88
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Published：2020-07-07
Micro/Nano Technology and Fine Mechanics
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Modelling of dynamic measurement error for parasitic time grating sensor based on Bayesian principle
Abstract：To improve the measurement accuracy of a parasitic time grating sensor, the working principle and dynamic error composition of the sensor were analyzed deeply and the main error components including constant error, periodic error and random error were obtained. According to the error characteristics of parasitic time grating, a high precise prediction model for dynamic error of the parasitic time grating was established and the modeling method was compared with other modeling methods. The Bayesian predictio Keywords：parasitic time grating;time grating sensor;measurement error;Bayesian principle;standard value interpolation;error model- 102
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Linear CCD camera System for industry measurement and its noise evaluation
Abstract：To evaluate the imaging quality of a CCD camera rapidly, the Signal to Noise Ratio(SNR) was selected as the evaluation factors, a measurement system was constructed and methods to measure the camera's noise based on the output images of the camera were researched. The noise from the linear CCD camera was analyzed, a model for computing the SNR was established based on the fix pattern noise sources and temporal noise sources and the impact of Correlated Double Sample(CDS)processing on the power supply noise Keywords：CCD camera;CCD imaging system;Signal to Noise Ratio(SNR);correlation double sampling;noise evaluation- 115
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Prediction algorithm of close-orbit satellite based on orbit elements
Abstract：When a photoelectric device can not track the satellite due to the changed intersection angle of the sun or the orbit blocking, the satellite orbits have to be predicted. Because the traditional orbit prediction method based on orbit elements can not meet the requirements of real-time and precision measurement simultaneously, this paper proposes a new satellite orbit prediction method based on orbit elements. The movement rule of satellite orbits was analyzed, then the elliptic curves were used to predict t Keywords：close-orbit satellite;orbit prediction;orbit element;photoelectric device- 123
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Small target detection in compressed domain for parallel compressive imaging system
Abstract：A small target detection algorithm working at a compressed domain was proposed for parallel compressive imaging systems to reduce the computational complexity by eliminating the process of image reconstruction. A mathematical model of the parallel compressive imaging system was used to capture measuring values of background and current frames. Then, the background measurements were updated according to a compressive sensing-mixture of Gaussians model (CS-MoG) to obtain the measurement values of the foregrou Keywords：small target detection;compressive sensing;background modeling;template matching;parallel compressive imaging system- 56
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Extraction of built-up area in plain from high resolution remote sensing images
Abstract：By analyzing the textural features and local key points of the built-up area in a plain from high resolution remote sensing images, a method to extract the built-up area in the plain was proposed based on multi-core learning, multi-scale segmentation and multi-hypothesis voting. With the proposed method, MR8 texture characteristics and Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) algorithmwere used to extract the built-up area, and multi-characteristics was fused to implement the learning and classification to Keywords：high resolution remote sensing image;extraction of built-up area in plain;multi-hypothesis voting;multi-kernel learning;multi-scale segmentation- 82
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Phase shift extraction algorithm with error estimation in phase-shifting interferometry
Abstract：For calibration of the phase shifter in a phase-shifting interferometer, an iterative algorithm was proposed to extract phase shift from a set of interference patterns. In each iteration cycle, the wavefront phase and phase shifts were calculated in two individual steps.Firsly, the phase shifts were assumed knowns and the calibration wavefront phase was retrieved from tri-variate equations. Then, the wavefront phase was assumed knowns and the phase shifts were extracted from bi-variate equations. Meanwhile, Keywords：phase-shifting interferometer;phase shifter;calibration;error estimation;iterative algorithm- 97
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Surface defect detection of steel strip based on spectral residual visual saliency
Abstract：As captured images for surface defect detection of a steel strip is vulnerable to lighting conditions, weaker defect characteristics and other factors, this paper proposes a new algorithm based on spectral residual visual attention mode to complete the strip surface defect detection in real time. Firstly, the homomorphic filtering method was proposed to preprocess the image to remove the influence of uneven illumination and to perfect the subsequent segmentation results. Then, a visual-attention model was c Keywords：steel strip;defect detection;visual saliency;spectral residual;homomorphic filter;weighted Mahalanobis distance- 81
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Normal estimation of scattered point cloud with sharp feature
Abstract：A novel method was proposed to estimate the normal for a scattered point cloud with sharp features to overcome the shortcomings that existing methods are unable to reliably estimate the normal of point cloud model and lead to the smoothed sharp features. With proposed method, the normal of point cloud was estimated with principal component analysis method. Then, different values were weighted on neighborhood normals according to spatial distance and normal distance of current points of the neighborhood, and Keywords：scattered point cloud;sharp feature;normal estimation;reverse engineering;feature preserving;principal component analysis- 110
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Flotation froth image segmentation based on multiscale edge enhancement and adaptive valley detection
Abstract：To overcome the weak edges and large noise of flotation froth image, and to solve the weakness of traditional valley detection algorithm on different kinds of bubble segmentation sizes, a froth image segmentation method was proposed based on Contourlet transform multi-scale edge enhancement and adaptive valley detection. Firstly, the froth image was decomposed by using the Contourlet transfom to obtain multi-scale and multi-direction sub-band coefficients. Then, thresholds of the nonlinear enhancement funct Keywords：flotation froth image;image segmentation;Contourlet transform;multi-scale edge enhancement;adaptive valley detection;harmony search algorithm- 79
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Millimeter wave dim small target detection based on target and background modeling
Abstract：On the basis of characteristics of Passive Millimeter Wave (PMMW) imaging, an Improved Sparse Representation-Circle-Surround Center Difference(ISR-CSCD) algorithm is proposed to improve the weaker distinction between dim small target and background and the smaller target features to be extracted. The algorithm firstly improves the sparse representation to complete the background suppression and target enhancement. Then, according to the features and prior knowledge of the target and the surrounding backgrou Keywords：passive millimeter wave imaging;small target detection;sparse representation;circle-surround center difference;feature and prior knowledge;background suppression- 74
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Published：2020-07-07
Information Sciences
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