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Issue 9 ， 2016
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Auto-focusing in optical microscopy for machine-vision-based precise measurement
Abstract：The auto-focusing precision of microscopy has great influence on the performance of machine-vision-based precise measurement. A comprehensively quantitative evaluation method on image auto-focusing technique in a microscopic vision environment was researched. Several kinds of evaluation indexes were proposed, and the unbiasedness, unimodality, spatial resolution etc. of 13 groups sharpness functions were comprehensively evaluated in a microscopic vision condition. Then variance function and Brenner function Keywords：machine vision;microscopic imaging;auto-focusing;microassembly;Micro-electro-mechanical System(MEMS);comprehensively quantitative evaluation- 156
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- 19
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- 4
Published：2020-07-07 -
Spaceborne multiband UV atmospheric sounder with two fields
Abstract：To comprehensively implement the UV atmospheric sounding of nadir and limb fields, the principle of simultaneously sounding of nadir and limb fields was analyzed and technical specifications were analyzed. Then a prototype of multiband UV atmospheric sounder with two fields was designed and developed. The optical system of the prototype is composed of a fore of lens, an annular lens, a relay of lens, and a narrowband filter. The central wavelengths of three working spectral ranges are 265 nm, 295 nm, and 36 Keywords：optical design;UV atmospheric sounder;multiband two field UV sounder;UV filter- 96
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- 15
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- 1
Published：2020-07-07 -
Mechanisms of bionic positioning and orientation based on polarization vision and corresponding experiments
Abstract：To make effectively use of the polarized light information of the whole horizon and to explore the mechanism of bionic polarized light navigation, a polarization vision sensor was designed. The polarization vision sensor based on four cameras was introduced and its calibration method was given. Then, the optimal estimation of the polarization state was derived based on least square algorithm. The skylight polarization pattern was analyzed based on the first order Rayleigh scattering model, the estimation of Keywords：polarization vision sensor;bionic polarization navigation;skylight polarization pattern;positioning and orientation- 98
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- 28
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- 7
Published：2020-07-07 -
All-fiber graphene electro-absorption modulator
Abstract：On the excellent optical performance of grapheme, a graphene-based all-fiber electro-absorption modulator was constructed. The structure of the modulator was designed, and simulation and experiments for the modulator were both conducted. Firstly, the relationship between the chemical potential and the permittivity was researched according to the graphene's optical properties, then the graphene-based all-fiber modulator was designed, and the dependence of the effective refractivity of the modulator on the ch Keywords：electro-absorption modulator;graphene;light-matter interaction;all-fiber structure- 93
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- 17
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- 4
Published：2020-07-07 -
Rapid volume measurement for large bulk cargo
Abstract：A rapid volume measurement method for a bulk cargo was proposed to overcome the shortcomings of traditional bulk measuring systems in poor adaptability for yard environments, longer complete time, lower efficiency and complex operation. Then a volume measuring system consisting of a 2D laser scanner, a difference GPS and an attitude measuring system was designed. For this system, the laser scanner was used to measure dynamically the surface geometry information of a bulk, the attitude measuring system was t Keywords：laser measurement;volume measurement;rapid measurement;large bulk;point cloud edge;triangulation- 134
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- 17
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- 5
Published：2020-07-07 -
Online detection of profile deviation for nano precision 2-D stage mirror
Abstract：For the profile deviation of a stage mirror itself and the profile change caused by the alignment of 2D stage position, an online detection method for the profile deviation of a nano precision 2-D stage mirror was presented. The basic principle of detecting profile differential data with two interferometers was proposed. The influences of zero error and integral error on the measurement were analyzed and a method to improve the measuring precision was put forward. Two sets of original data of the mirror pro Keywords：laser interferometer;nano-2D stage;stage mirror;profile deviation;online detection- 78
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- 15
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- 2
Published：2020-07-07 -
Bit error rate of optical multiple input multiple output system in correlated channel
Abstract：Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems can improve the channel capability of an Optical Wireless Communication(OWC) system without adding extra frequency resources and emitting powers, but the space correlation between the channels will impact the system performance. This paper researches the effects of space correlation on the Bit Error Rate (BER) of an optical MIMO system in log-normal fading channel. In view of the Pulse Position Modulation (PPM), the log-amplitude fading matrix in different corre Keywords：optical communication;multiple-input multiple-output system;spatial correlation;pulse position modulation- 110
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- 15
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- 6
Published：2020-07-07 -
Coordinate point fitting in FBG curve reconstruction algorithm
Abstract：To detect the shape of a Fiber Bragg Grating(FBG) sensor in a colon, a coordinate fitting method based on Frenet frame was proposed to improve the precision of the FBG curve reconstruction algorithm. Firstly, four FBGs perpendicular to each other were clinged to one Shape Memory Alloys(SMA) substrate. Hence, one FBG curve sensor with a diameter of 3 mm and a length of 900 mm was formed. Then, this sensor was put on a millimeter-square graph paper and a cylinder respectively to accomplish the reconstruction Keywords：fiber Bragg grating;curve reconstruction algorithm;coordinate fitting;Frenet frame;shape detection- 170
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- 25
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- 2
Published：2020-07-07 -
High accuracy calibration of installation parameters between 3D terrestrial laser scanner and external-installed digital camera
Abstract：A high accuracy calibration method for the installation parameters between 3D Terrestrial Laser Scanner(TLS) and external-installed digital camera was proposed. Firstly, the intrinsic parameters were calibrated by existing commercialized close-range photogrammetry products. Then, by taking reflector target centers as input control points of 2D and 3D matching, the direct linear transformation algorithm was expanded in applications and the intrinsic parameters were taken as known coefficients to solve the ex Keywords：3D terrestrial laser scanner;digital camera;installation parameter;calibration;Direct Linear Transformation(DLT)- 102
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- 17
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- 7
Published：2020-07-07 -
Surface measurement by randomly phase shifting interferometry of measured element
Abstract：For the surface measurement of optical elements, a surface measurement method by the randomly phase shifting interferometry of measured element was proposed to reduce the cost of phase shifting interferometer and to avoid phase-shifting error caused by an aged phase shifter. A micro-displacement driver was used to drive a measured element to move on a friction type air-bearing slider to implement the random phase shift, meanwhile, several interfere grams were collected by a camera. Then, the interferograms Keywords：interferometry;surface measurement;measured element;phase shifter;randomly phase shifting;least-square iteration- 92
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- 22
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Image motion velocity field model of space camera with large field and analysis on three-axis attitude stability of satellite
Abstract：To compensate the image motion of a space camera with large field, a general image motion velocity field model was established by combination of coordinate transformation and attitude dynamics for an off-axis three mirror anastigmat camera. In modelling, the effect of off-axis angles of three-mirror system on the image motion was taken into account, and the formulas of image motion velocity field in the off-axis three-mirror system were derived. By taking a space camera with large field for an example, the Keywords：space camera;off-axis three mirror anastigmat system;image motion compensation;image motion velocity field;satellite attitude stability;Modulation Transfer Function(MTF)- 98
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- 22
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- 5
Published：2020-07-07 -
Estimation of pseudo-failure lifetime distribution for photovoltaic modules based on accelerated degradation
Abstract：This paper focuses on the reliability evaluation of photovoltaic(PV) module products under accelerated degradation conditions. A method to estimate the pseudo failure life distribution of PV modules based on the Generalized Lambda Distribution(GLD) was proposed. Firstly, the determinative coefficient test method(R2) was used to select the best accelerated degradation path to obtain pseudo failure life values of samples. Then, the bootstrap method was taken to generate bootstrap samples to expand the sample Keywords：photovoltaic modulus;accelerated degradation;pseudo-failure lifetime;GLD-distribution;reliability evaluation- 75
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- 22
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- 3
Published：2020-07-07 -
Six DOF platform applied in ground test of optical remote sensor alleviation margin in satellite micro-vibration environment
Abstract：As the micro-vibration of a satellite platform restricts the imaging quality of a high-resolution space optical remote sensor, this paper designs a six DOF(Degree of Freedom) platform for the ground test of optical remote sensor alleviation margin in satellite micro-vibration environment. The kinematics and dynamics models of the platform were constructed, and the transfer function, Simulink model of a voice coil actuators were derived. Based on the models, the platform with six DOFs was manufactured. A con Keywords：space optical remote sensor;micro-vibration environment in space;six DOF platform;vibration test;ground test- 145
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- 19
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- 3
Published：2020-07-07
Modern Applied Optics
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Surface characteristics for RB-SiC ceramics by electrical discharge diamond grinding
Abstract：The surface characteristics of reaction-bonded SiC (RB-SiC) ceramic with Electrical Discharge Diamond Grinding (EDDG) were explored. Three kinds of processes of EDDG, Electrical Discharge Grinding (EDG) and Conventional Grinding (CG) were taken into the experiments of RB-SiC grinding. Then the surface roughnesses of the RB-SiC were measured with a laser scanning confocal microscope, and their surface morphologies and micro-cracks were observed with a scan electron microscopy. The grinding characteristics of Keywords：RB-SiC;Electrical Discharge Diamond Grinding(EDDG);surface roughness;surface morphology;micro-crack- 118
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- 24
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- 6
Published：2020-07-07 -
Asymmetrical inertial piezoelectric rotary actuator with bias unit
Abstract：A novel asymmetrical inertial piezoelectric rotary actuator with a bias unit was proposed for improving the output performance of inertial piezoelectric actuators. On the asymmetrical clamp, the bias unit was designed. To research the effect of the bias unit on the output performance of piezoelectric rotary actuator, a mechanical model equation of the mechanism was initially established, and the dynamic characteristics of the actuator were also derived and simulated. Then, a prototype was designed and fabri Keywords：piezoelectric rotory actuator;inertial actuator;asymmetrical clamping;bias unit;output characteristics- 100
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- 20
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- 2
Published：2020-07-07
Mico/Nano Technology and Fine Mechanics
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Compensating controller for hysteresis nonlinerity of piezoelectric ceramics
Abstract：To effectively compensate the hysteresis nonlinearity of piezoelectric ceramics, a modified PI model based on STOP operator was proposed to avoid the complex processing in solving inverse model and time consuming in interpolating method of the traditional PI model based on PLAY operator. Firstly, traditional PI models based on PLAY operator or STOP operator were introduced. Then, modified PI model based on STOP operator was established by taking an expecting displacement as the input and a control voltage a Keywords：piezoelectric ceramic;hysteresis nonlinearity;feedback controller;PI model;STOP operator- 139
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- 17
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- 9
Published：2020-07-07 -
Precision deposition of micro/nano pattern printed by electrohydrodynamic direct-write
Abstract：The precision deposition of micro/nano patterns printed by Electrohydrodynamic Direct Writing (EDW) technology was explored and the EDW for orderly nanofibers was implemented by the straight stable jet between a spinneret and a collector. The deposition behaviors of EDW jet on stationary and moving substrates were investigated. The effects of process parameters on the position errors of EDW patters were also studied. The experiments show that the jet is bended into a spiral structure by the inner stress and Keywords：electrohydrodynamic direct-write;nanofiber;micro/nano pattern;spiral bending;jet deposition;precision positioning- 78
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- 15
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- 4
Published：2020-07-07 -
Optimization of control strategy for FSM system by using simulated annealing algorithm
Abstract：Fast Steer Mirrors(FSMs) should possess different effective bandwidths and close bandwidths under different situations. So this paper establishes a system model based on a piezoelectric FSM control system, and optimizes the control strategy for the FSM system by analyzing the jitter of an optical axis. Firstly, close loop Bode figure of the system was measured, the simulated annealing algorithm was used to achieve the modulation transfer function of the system model. By combining simulated annealing algorit Keywords：Fast Steer Mirror(FSM);simulated annealing algorithm;parameter identification;control strateg optimization- 136
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- 16
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- 1
Published：2020-07-07 -
Identification of coupling stiffness for MEMS gyroscope
Abstract：For identification of the coupling stiffness of MEMS (Micro-electro-mechanical System) gyroscopes, a identification method was proposed based on the frequency response characteristics of the drive-axis, sense axis, drive-to-rotation coupling and rotation-to-sense coupling. A dual-mass linear vibrating MEMS gyroscope with decoupled drive-to-sense and sense-to-drive displacement was designed. Based on simplified stiffness characteristics of the beams, the dynamic planar movement equations of the gyroscope wer Keywords：MEMS gyroscope;coupling stiffness;identification method;model;frequency response- 118
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- 15
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- 1
Published：2020-07-07 -
Feed-forward control of stack piezoelectric actuator
Abstract：A novel inverse feedforward control algorithm was developed based on inverse Bouc-Wen feed-forward control and feedback control for improving the trajectory tracking performance of a Piezoelectric Actuator (PEA). A Bouc-Wen hysteresis dynamic modeling for the PEA was established, and system parameters of the Bouc-Wen model were identified by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method. Then, a feed-forward compensation control method was proposed based on hysteresis Bouc-Wen model. Finally, the inverse feed-fo Keywords：piezoelectric actuator;parameter identification;feed-forward control;trajectory tracking;Bouc-Wen model- 117
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- 21
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- 4
Published：2020-07-07 -
Dynamic hysteresis modeling and experimental verification of piezoelectric positioning stage
Abstract：To improve the precision of rapid positioning of a piezoelectric positioning stage, a positioning model is established to characterize the relationship between driving voltage and output displacement of the platform. As the piezoelectric positioning stage for precision position in the fast and large stroke is not only affected by the hysteresis characteristics of the piezoelectric ceramics, but by the dynamic characteristics, this paper uses Bouc-Wen model to describe the hysteresis characteristics of piezo Keywords：piezoelectric positioning stage;dynamic characteristics;hysteresis characteristics;Bouc-Wen model;dynamic position- 82
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- 16
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- 5
Published：2020-07-07 -
Optimization and experiments of deployment performance for folding wing mechanism of an aircraft
Abstract：To optimize the deploying performance of folding wing mechanism for an aircraft, this paper analyzes the folding wing mechanism and proposes a method to optimize the deploying performance of the mechanism. A theoretical model and a dynamic simulation model for the deployment of folding wing mechanism were established, the deploying processing of folding wing mechanism was analyzed and the folding time of the mechanism was given by using the theoretical model. Then, the effect factor on the deploying perform Keywords：aircraft;folding wing;deployment performance;dynamic model;orthogonal trial;mechanism optimization- 142
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- 21
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- 1
Published：2020-07-07 -
Variable coupling time grating sensor and effects of sensor-head attitudes on measuring errors
Abstract：On the basis of the measuring principle of time grating sensors, a new variable coupling time grating displacement sensor was proposed by employing a high-frequency pulse as measurement basis to improve the precision of displacement measurement. The precision displacement measurement of the sensor was implemented by changing the coupling state of excitation and induction coils to output a traveling wave signal for inducing the displacement change. By modeling and simulations, the displacement error characte Keywords：time grating sensor;displacement measurement;sensor-head attitude;mounting error;measuring precision- 190
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- 15
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- 2
Published：2020-07-07
Micro/Nano Technology and Fine Mechanics
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Detail preserving multi-exposure image fusion
Abstract：A detail preserving multi-exposure image fusion algorithm was proposed to address the problem of the loss of visual details and ghost artifacts in traditional multi-exposure images. Firstly, three image features, image details, exposure brightness and color information, were calculated. In which, the image details were obtained by using a guided filter, the each exposure intensity was weighted by a Gaussian function and the color information was measured by color saturation. Then, the difference maps and co Keywords：multi-exposure image;image fusion;image detail;guided filter;ghost artifact- 82
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- 16
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- 9
Published：2020-07-07 -
Scale adaptive kernelized correlation filter tracking based on HHS-OG feature
Abstract：Since Kernelized Correlation Filters (KCF)tracking algorithm is sensitive to feature selecting and unable to estimate object scale, this paper researches the KCF tracking algorithm based on feature extraction and scale adapting. A scale adaptive KCF tracker by using HHS-OG (Histogram of Hue Saturation and Oriented Gradient, HHS-OG) feature was proposed to improve the tracking performance of the KCF tracker. Firstly, the HSI color space was studied. By taking the complementary of color and gradient in an ima Keywords：vision tracking;kernel correlation filter tracking;feature fusion;feature extraction;scale adaptive tracking- 78
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- 17
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- 14
Published：2020-07-07 -
Single image super-resolution reconstruction using support vector regression
Abstract：Some of the traditional single-frame super-resolution (SR) reconstruction algorithms can not get good reconstruction results, although they learns many different types of images. Therefore, a super-resolution method combined with the Support Vector Regression (SVR) and raster-scan actions was proposed. Firstly, image patches were extracted from a group of high resolution (HR) images and the corresponding low resolution (LR) edition by the raster-scan actions, and input vectors and pixel vectors were taken o Keywords：super-resolution reconstruction;single image;support vector regression;Log algorithm;raster-scan- 84
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- 18
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- 8
Published：2020-07-07 -
Improved hybrid spill-tree algorithm for fast target matching recognition of satellite images
Abstract：An improved Hybrid Spill-tree algorithm based on the signed method defined as Signed Hybrid Spill-tree (SHSPT) was proposed for target matching of remote sensing images. For establishing data and preprocessing, a data separate method based on a center point was proposed, the separated data were extracted by defining the center of dense data, and the edge data were abandoned. In the feature matching, binary array were used to express the data space and to mark the feature vector. Then, the bit operation was Keywords：remote target recognition;feature mark;data partition;image matching;hybrid spill-tree algorithm- 93
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- 17
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- 1
Published：2020-07-07 -
Variational mode decomposition for phase retrieval in fringe projection 3D shape measurement
Abstract：For the phase retrieval in fringe projection 3D shape measurements, a new fringe projection phase retrieval method based on variational mode decomposition was proposed. Firstly, the projection fringe pattern was decomposed into a background part, a fringe part and a noise part by the development of variational mode decomposition model and the minimization of the model. Then, the fringe part was processed by Hilbert and arc tangent transform to obtain a wrapping phase, and by quality guided phase unwrapping Keywords：fringe projection;three dimensional measurement;variational mode decomposition;phase retrieval- 102
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- 18
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- 4
Published：2020-07-07 -
Calibration of inclinometer parameters in digital zenith camera
Abstract：To compensate the axis errors between rotation axis and vertical axis when a digital zenith camera was used in celestial positioning, a incline angle compensation method for the digital zenith camera was proposed. On the principle of incline angle compensation, the scale coefficients and the cross angle of two axes were taken into account to modify the inclinometer values. Then, a calibration method was proposed for the parameters of the two-axis inclinometer. The influence of rotation angle on calibration parameters was analyzed, and some experimental data were used to verify the calibration method. The result demonstrates that the rotation angle directly affects the calibration of CCD installation angle. Moreover, the introduction of inclinometer parameters improves the positioning accuracy. If the error of rotation angle is below 2°, the influence caused by inclinometer parameters can be ignored.Keywords：digital zenith camera;two-axis inclinometer;axis error;angle compensation;rotation angle;parameter calibration- 102
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- 18
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- 5
Published：2020-07-07 -
Threshold decision directed sparse channel estimation for single carrier block transmission
Abstract：A threshold decision directed sparse channel estimation (TDDSCE) method was proposed for a Single Carrier Block Transmission(SCBT) system, which can take advantage of the sparsity inherent in high rate wireless communication channels, and improve the channel estimation accuracy. Firstly, a pilot sequence was used to perform a least square (LS) channel estimation, then a decision threshold was derived by obtained channel estimated values. The channel taps whose values were smaller than the decision threshold Keywords：wireless communication;single carrier block transmission;threshold decision;sparse channel estimation- 80
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- 14
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- 0
Published：2020-07-07 -
Person tracking based on multi-template regression weighted mean shift
Abstract：To solve the invalid tracking of a human target caused by appearance variations due to large angle change of the target in a robot mobile tracking, a multi-template regression weighted mean-shift algorithm was proposed. The algorithm could implement the target tracking by building a multi-template model of the target and applying mean shift. Firstly, the template set was obtained according to the results from mean shift procedure of the last frame and the coarse location information of head-shoulder model o Keywords：person tracking;mean shift;multi-template;regression model;video image- 68
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- 15
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- 3
Published：2020-07-07
Information Sciences
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