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Issue 7 ， 2017
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Vibration disturbance suppression in velocity measurements by hydroxyl tagging velocimetry
Abstract：In order to suppress the strong vibration disturbance in Hydroxyl Tagging Velocimetry(HTV) in practical experimental environment for an engine, the characteristic of radiation spectrum of tagging laser interacted with different flow fields was analyzed experimentally. In the experiment, two strategies for vibration disturbance suppression were designed by capturing the tagging laser image and moved tagging image simultaneously. For a general flow field, the Rayleigh scattering of the tagging laser was used Keywords：laser diagnostic;Hydroxyl Tagging Velocimetry (HTV);velocity measurement;vibration disturbance;Scramjet engine- 75
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Retrieval of horizontal distribution of aerosol mass concentration by micro pulse lidar
Abstract：The distribution of aerosol over urban area is rapidly changed with space and time, thus common ground-based fixed-point monitoring can only obtain the mass concentration of aerosol on measuring points within the region, which roughly reflects the distribution of aerosol in the region. In order to determine the horizontal distribution of aerosol and pollutants over the urban area, based on the data obtained by Micro Pulse Lidar (MPL), particle counter, visiometer and particle mass concentration detector, a Keywords：atmospheric optics;aerosol detection;micro pluse lidar;air pollution monitoring;mass concentration- 81
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Laser ranging cooperative target for CubeSat
Abstract：In order to provide inspection standards for GPS-based orbit determination data of CubSat and realize high-precision orbit measurement, a laser cooperation target which weights 108 g with a field of view of 360° and ranging accuracy in centimeter was designed by distributing three miniature laser reflectors with aperture of 1.0 cm at all surfaces of a standard CubSats with dimensions of 10 cm×10 cm×10 cm. According to the additional phase lead by dihedral angle error of the cube corner retroreflector, as we Keywords：laser ranging;CubeSat;laser cooperative target;effective reflection area;range accuracy- 81
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Ground target geo-location using imaging aerial camera with large inclined angles
Abstract：Aiming at problems that operating range of laser ranging finder limits shooting distance of aerial camera with large inclined angles, a directly target geo-location algorithm independent of ranging equipment was proposed. Based on aircraft positions and attitude information measured by airborne Position and Orientation System (POS), as well as outer and inner gimbal angles from the encoder in the aerial camera, target to sensor vector in Earth-Centered Earth-Fixed (ECEF) coordinate was solved by homogeneous Keywords：aerial camera;geo-location;homogeneous coordinate transformation;digital elevation model;error analysis- 84
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Detection of periodic microstructure defect based on optical Fourier transform
Abstract：In order to achieve defect detection of periodic microstructure in a large field of view, a defect detection method based on optical Fourier transform was proposed and relevant experimental system was established. Firstly, the periodic microstructure imaging was subject to two-dimensional fast Fourier transform for deriving spatial frequency spectrum of periodic microstructure. Then, a spot among first-order diffraction spots was chosen to be processed by fast Fourier transform for obtaining the amplitude h Keywords：Fourier transform;wide field;periodic microstructure;defect detection- 71
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Inversion of low dynamic vehicle shape and dimension information using non-resolved photometric data in near space
Abstract：In order to obtain the shape and dimension information of low dynamic non-resolved object in near space, an experiment on optical detection of high altitude balloon was performed to investigate how to calculate object shape and dimension information from photometric data. In the experiment, experimental images captured by the ground-based detector were processed by aperture photometry technology, thus obtaining non-resolved photometric data. During the inversion process, two shape representation methods as Keywords：photometric data;low dynamic vehicle in near space;inversion;object shape- 55
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Analysis and optimization of splitting performance for space optical hybrid
Abstract：Signal light splitting ratio of space optical hybrid was optimized in order to further improve received sensitivities of homodyne coherent optical communication systems. According to the mathematical model of homodyne coherent communication systems, mathematical expression of signal light splitting ratio, loop phase error and bit error rate (BER) was deduced. Through calculation and analysis, it indicated that when signal light ofQ branch for optical hybrid met the requirement of phase-locked loop, Bit Erro Keywords：homodyne coherent optical communication;optical hybrid;splitting ratio;phase noise;shot noise;heterodyne efficiency- 63
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Published：2020-07-07 -
MWIR optical system with dual-optical aperture and three fields of view
Abstract：A MWIR optical system with three fields of view as well as dual-optical aperture and large zoom ratio was designed in order to overcome the conflict between long focal length and large field of view of single optical channel. The system was equipped with dual-optical aperture, which was composed of optical channels with a narrow field of view and a middle-wide field of view. The switch of the two channels was realized by cutting in and out a reflector inclined at 45° respectively. Using six lenses, the narr Keywords：MWIR optical system;dual-optical aperture;common exit pupil and dual entrance pupil;long focal-length;three-dimensional folding;three fields of view- 70
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Published：2020-07-07 -
On-line dynamic interference stitching measurement system for large optical elements
Abstract：In order to realize on-line and in-situ measurement of high precision optical elements in workshop, a dynamic interference stitching system for large optical elements measured in general environment was investigated. The system was consisted of a dynamic interferometer, two-dimensional mobile platform, control system and stitching software. A stitching experiment for an 200 mm×300 mm optical element was completed by this system in general environment, based on error averaging stitching algorithm. Moreover, the stitching results were analyzed. Comparing the results between stitching measurement and full aperture measurement, the relative deviations of PV, RMS and Power are 3.1%, 1.6% and 2.1% respectively. The system lays a foundation for the on-line and in-situ measurement system for large optical elements in the workshop environment.Keywords：optical testing;sub-aperture stitching;dynamic interferometer;large optical elements;error average stitching- 75
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Spectral characteristics of helicoidal mechanically-induced long-period fiber grating
Abstract：A helicoidal mechanically-induced long-period fiber grating(H-MLPFG)was formed by pressing a twisted fiber from two sides with two V-shaped identical periodically grooved plates. The influence of periodical pressure and twist rate on transmission spectrum of the H-MLPFG were investigated experimentally, together with the polarization characteristics. The results show that the depth of the coupling strength varies with the amount of pressure applied to the fiber, otherwise the resonant wavelength of the H-ML Keywords：fiber optics;long period fiber grating;micro-bend effect;photo-elastic effect;twist- 77
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Impact of refractive index of aerosol particles on particle diameter optical measurement
Abstract：Regarding the negative effect of refractive index of particles in single particle light scattering measurement, the relationship curves between the scattering radiant flux F and the particle diameter D were calculated for 13 kinds of common aerosol particles at different light-receiving central angle θ and light-receiving half-angle β, according to the Mie theory and the light radiant flux calculation formula. Thereby an evaluation standard based on the average of the measured relative errors was presented Keywords：aerosol particle;scattering;refractive index;light-receiving parameter;F-D curve- 88
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Published：2020-07-07
Modern Applied Optics
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Reliability evaluation of recoverable degradation process under cumulative shock
Abstract：For evaluating the reliability of lasers, this paper focuses on the effects of shock time intervals on the product degradation based on the product failure from both nature degradation process and cumulative shock process. Then it establishes a recoverable degradation model in cumulative shock process. Based on natural degradation process and Poisson shock renewal theory, a cumulative shock model and a degradation failure model under cumulative shock are presented. According to the model above mentioned, th Keywords：product evaluation;reliability evaluation;degradation process;Wiener process;Poisson shock;cumulative shock- 80
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Published：2020-07-07 -
System error modeling and analysis for GSSM of TMT
Abstract：To fully analyze precision requirements of surface figure precision and pointing accuracy of plane mirror for the Giant Steerable Scientific Mirror (GSSM) system of this Thirty-Meter Telescope (TMT), system error model of GSSM needed to be established. In this paper, up-to-down distribution mode of system error was adopted. Technological indexes were understood and analyzed and converted to precision requirements of surface figure precision and pointer accuracy of plane mirror, according to standardized Poi Keywords：error analysis;system project;PSSn;GSSM;30-meter telescope- 90
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Published：2020-07-07 -
On-line balancing of high-speed magnetic suspended flywheel system under force free control of imbalance
Abstract：A kind of field dynamic balancing method under force free control is proposed aiming at the unbalance of high-speed magnetic suspended flywheel system. It turns out that the low-speed field balancing in the air environment can replace the high-speed field balancing in the vacuum environment with high-efficiency and high-accuracy. By analyzing the unbalance model of the magnetic suspended rotor system and comparing the correction-masses under different unbalance control mode, it is found that under the free Keywords：Magnetically suspended flywheel;Unbalance vibration;Field balancing;Force free control- 69
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Calculating method for circle radius of diamond tool edge based on tangent point constrain and probe tip radius compensation
Abstract：To increase measuring precision of cutting edge sharpness of diamond tool effectively, a solution method of edge circle radius of diamond tool was researched. Influence of geometrical morphology of scanning probe of Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) on measuring result of cutting edge sharpness of diamond tool was analyzed, and solution method of circle radius of cutting edge based on tangency point constraint and probe tip radius compensation of AFM was proposed. Influence of noise filtering, measuring angle e Keywords：diamond tool;circle radius of cutting edge;tangent constraint;probe tip radius compensation- 49
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Design and optimization of expanding mechanism of intestinal robot
Abstract：A new-type expanding mechanism with Variable Diameter Ratio (VDR) is designed to satisfy requirements of intestinal robot movement and anchoring in the intestine tract. With the double-stacked folding design of the mechanism, the contact area with intestine tract is increased. The maximum expanding radius reaches to 24.5 mm, and VDR increases to 3.27. To further study the performance of the expanding mechanism, the mathematical model of the expanding arm is established to analyze the mechanical and kinemati Keywords：Intestinal robot;expanding mechanism;finite elements analysis;optimization design- 69
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Published：2020-07-07
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Study and test of thermal-defocusing property in space camera
Abstract：In order to improve the image quality of space camera in different temperature fields, a integrated analysis model of structure-thermal-optical performance (STOP) model was established. According to the model, the thermal-defocusing property of the system was studied and test, and focusing curve of camera temperature was obtained. Then, thermo-optical experiment was developed. Firstly, influence of temperature changes on optical system, especially influence on optimal image plane position, was analyzed to o Keywords：space camera;integrated analysis;temperature focusing;finite elements;thermo-optical test- 76
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Kinematics analysis and configuration selection of whole machine of hexapod robot
Abstract：The whole machine configuration design and kinematics model of hexapod robot are foundation of robot prototype development and behavior control. GF set theory is adopted to illustrate that essence of whole machine configuration design of hexapod robot is to solve layout problem of mechanical legs on body platform, and five types of whole machine configurations are given based on bionics principle. A kind of parallel-driven leg mechanism with three degree of freedom is introduced, and kinematics model of who Keywords：Hexapod robot;whole machine configuration;kinematics model;kinematics performance- 67
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Published：2020-07-07 -
ASIC design of micro-mechanical gyro interface of low temperature drift quartz with temperature compensation
Abstract：Through analyzing operating principle of quartz gyro, interface circuit of closed-loop self-excited drive and based on principle of low-noise phase sensitive demodulation was designed, and influence of driving force coupling on zero position output was researched to increase environmental adaptability of quartz gyro. Effect of temperature on amplitude of driving force was obtained through researching temperature feature on aspects of air damping and resonant frequency, etc of sensitive header of sensor. The Keywords：quartz gyro;temperature compensation;interface ASIC;temperature drift- 59
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Research on supporting technology of lens applied in cold optics assembly
Abstract：For shortwave infrared transmission imaging systems using cold optics, as the difference between fabrication and alignment temperature of optical components and supporting structure with operation temperature is large, variety of changes in geometry for different optical components would lead to position error for optical components, or even be destroyed. Aiming at the requirements of optical machine structural design for low-temperature infrared system, a set of shortwave infrared imaging system is designe Keywords：cold optics;infrared detection;lens supporting;large temperature difference- 60
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Analysis to erosive wear of abrasive flow polishing servo valve core nozzle
Abstract：In order to study the polishing performance of the solid-liquid two-phase abrasive flow on the servo valve core nozzle, polishing effect of abrasive flow on condition of different abrasive particle hardnesses was contrasted and analyzed in perspective of erosive wear. Erosive wear features in flow field was analyzed by computational fluid mechanics when abrasive flow polishes servo valve core nozzle, and surface roughness and surface morphology of servo valve core nozzle before and after polished by abrasiv Keywords：Valve element nozzle;polishing of abrasive flow;erosive wear- 78
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Design of 3-DOF planar nano-positioning platform with 3-PRR structure
Abstract：A 3-DOF nano-positioning platform detected by strain gauges driven by piezoelectric ceramics based on orientation of plate hinge, right angle flexure hinge and unilateral V-type hinge was designed. Pseudo-rigid-body model was established, and position analysis was conducted on it to obtain positive solution and inverse solution of the platform. Meanwhile, simulation analysis was conducted on the platform with finite elements analysis. Test experiment system of 3-DOF planar nano-positioning platform with 3-P Keywords：Nano-positioning;flexible hinge;piezoelectric ceramics;finite element analysis;displacement detection- 71
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Development and measurement of a parallel-type self-decoupling 2-dimension micro-motion stage
Abstract：Due to traditional serial-type micro-motion stage has disadvantages of incompact structure and low stiffness, a parallel-type self-decoupling 2-dimension micro-motion stage was designed with the advantage of compact structure, high-resolution and high stiffness. Four symmetrical nested parallel guide mechanisms were adopted in this platform to confer it has the features of symmetrical stiffness and self-decoupling. Operation principle of nested parallel guide mechanism was analyzed in this thesis. Simulation of deformation situation of micro-displacement platform on condition of different stresses was conducted via finite element method, and modal analysis was conducted on it. It is verified that this platform has the function of self decoupling, and the actual travel range of micro-displacement platform obtained through experimental measuring, and it is also verified that its output displacement has good linearity.Keywords：parallel type;self decoupling;micro-displacement platform;nested parallel guide mechanism;method of finite elements- 72
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Published：2020-07-07
Micro/Nano Technology and Fine Mechanics
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Flexible calibration method for binocular stereo vision in large field of view
Abstract：In order to achieve high-precision three-dimensional measurement for binocular stereo vision system of large scale, a flexible calibration method in large field of view was proposed, which divided the calibration method into calibrating internal parameters and external parameters. To calibrate the internal parameters, the target was required to pose at least three posture corresponding to cameras, coded target on the target should be identified, according to the information of coded mark points on the targe Keywords：binocular stereo vision;calibration;large field of view;bundle adjustment;coded target- 70
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Camera parameter calibration based on two-dimensional rotating platform
Abstract：A camera imaging model based on two-dimensional rotating platform was proposed in order to solve the problem of parameter calibration for rotatable camera. Firstly, through the transformation and inverse transformation of coordinate systems, the rotation translation transformation of the camera was converted to the pure rotation motion of the two-dimensional rotating platform; Then, taking advantages of the readings of the rotating platform and the fixed transformation between camera and rotating platform, Keywords：computer vision;imaging model;rotating platform;parameter calibration- 68
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Influence and elimination of moving highlight on three-dimensional scene reconstruction
Abstract：The scanned image of the smooth ground in the manufacturing workshop had reflection light spot under the irradiation of sunshine or lamplight; and it was varied with the change of the camera shooting position. Based on 3d scene reconstruction procedures and SURF algorithm principle of the Kinect scanning sequence images, influences of mobile highlight reflector on extraction and matching of feature points for reference images and images which are waiting for being matched were analyzed. The experimental res Keywords：kinect;workshop scene;3D reconstruction;highlight removal;feature matching- 64
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Maritime precision appraisal for ship-borne radar based on high-precision star sensor
Abstract：At the time of marine navigation for the astronautic measurement ship, it was mainly subject to radar precision appraisal through accuracy calibration flight; thus it has long period, large costs, hard organization and coordination, and other defects. By taking advantages of high-precision star sensor and radar strap-down to track and measure the space target, a kind of marine precision appraisal method was proposed. At the time of tracking space target by radar, the star sensor shoots the star map nearby t Keywords：precision appraisal;star sensor;star identification;atmospheric refraction- 55
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Error calibration of cross magnetic gradiometer
Abstract：For the vector magnetometer errors (scale factors, non-orthogonal error, bias) and misalignment error of the cross magnetic gradiometer, an error calibration method was proposed in this paper. Firstly, an error calibration model of the vector magnetometer errors was established, ellipsoid fitting parameters are calculated by the least square algorithm under ellipsoid restriction for fitting the measurement data to an ellipsoid. Then the Cholesky factorization was used to calculate the error calibration matr Keywords：magnetic field measurement;ellipsoid fitting;error calibration;magnetic gradient tensor- 85
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Optimization registration of point cloud model of skull
Abstract：As the three dimensional point cloud model for skull is complex and there is little difference in skulls of different people, it has high requirement for the registration accuracy. In order to improve the registration accuracy and the convergence rate of point cloud model for skull, a kind of registration method of coarse regulation first and fine regulation second was proposed. Firstly, the point cloud model for skull should be subject to de-noising, simplification, normalization and other pretreatments; T Keywords：skull registration;coarse registration;iterative closest point;rotation angle constraint;active iterative coefficient- 86
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Moving target detection based on dynamic background of cellular automaton
Abstract：Aiming at the problem that it is hard to use the traditional moving target detection algorithm to accurately detect the moving target under the dynamic background, a kind of moving target detection algorithm for the cellular automaton under the dynamic background was proposed in the thesis. Firstly, according to SLIC algorithm, video images were divided in the thesis, and multi-mode hybrid dynamic texture model was used for background modeling for video images; Then, space-time salience detection was integr Keywords：cellular automata;saliency detection;dynamic background;moving target detection- 83
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Compound control of photoelectric tracking by using adaptive Kalman filtering algorithm
Abstract：In order to realize compound control for improving tracking accuracy in photoelectric tracking control system, a compound control structure based on adaptive Kalman filtering algorithm for model was established. Firstly, the angular position data of the target was compounded by taking advantages of tracking miss distance data and instrument position data; Then, the angular position data of the target was subject to filtering estimation in order to obtain angular velocity of the target by taking advantages of adaptive Kalman filtering algorithm for model; Finally, the compound control system was established by front feeding the angular velocity of the target to the velocity loop. The experimental result shows that target tracking accuracy is increased by 50% after using the compound control system. Based on adaptive Kalman filtering algorithm for model, under the condition of keeping the stability of the original feedback control system, the tracking accuracy of the compound control system can be improved.Keywords：combined control;Kalman filter;model adaptive;electro-optical tracking- 64
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Celestial bodies tracking identification for ship-borne star sensor
Abstract：In order to guarantee the high precision and high efficiency of the continuous measurement for the carrier attitude of the ship-borne star sensor, through researching and analyzing the automatic identification algorithm of the current celestial body, an automatic identification technology of the celestial body based on continuous tracking processing of the celestial body was proposed and realized. Firstly, according to the acquisition cycle of the star map, apparent movement of the celestial body, attitude Keywords：star tracking;celestial bodies identification;star sensor;attitude measurement- 55
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Moving target detection in star map based on distance matrix
Abstract：In order to overcome defects with higher sensibility of moving target detection method for traditional star map space on image brightness among star map frames, frame-to-frame registration, imaging mode and others, taking advantages of the stable feature of the topological structure among star points, a moving target detection method in the star map based on the distance matrix was proposed. The method was used to independently detect targets of all frames of star map; then, it was used to establish the dis Keywords：star map;moving target detection;distance matrix;topological structure;robustness- 83
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Published：2020-07-07 -
Fast calibration for single camera space coordinate measuring system with large field of view
Abstract：In order to realize the high-precision and automatic measurement of space coordinate position for the bomb falling point in the wildly large field of view, the space coordinate measurement system of the single camera was established. Aiming at the large scope of on-site monitoring for shooting range, flexible focal distance of camera, different spatial position and angle of camera, a fast calibration method which was used in the wildly large field of view was proposed. Firstly, on the basis of the pinhole i Keywords：monocular vision;camera calibration;fast calibration;large field of view- 76
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Published：2020-07-07
Information Sciences
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