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Issue 7 ， 2018
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Developments of high power all-fiber side-pumping combiner
Abstract：In this paper, we present a general review of the development of a high-power all-fiber side-pumping combiner developed over the past few years. Our main focus is on the fundamental mechanism of operation, in addition to a review of the development and the challenges associated with the realization of a functional side-pumping combiner, which was fabricated using a tapered-fused technique. This technique can potentially be exploited as a side-pumping method because of its high coupling efficiency, high sign Keywords：fiber laser;side-pumping;fiber coupler;tapered-fused technique- 87
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Published：2020-08-13 -
High-precision straightness interferometer for linear moving stage
Abstract：An interferometer is proposed for high precision straightness measurement. This instrument consists of a Koester prism, corner cube, quarter-wave plate, wedge prism, and wedge reflector. The wedge prism acts as the straightness sensor while the corner cube and wedge reflector are used to reflect the measurement signal. During operation, the two frequency interferometer signal is decomposed into four beams with a spacially symmetrical measurement structure. The beams have common paths, which result in an imp Keywords：measurement technology and instrument;straightness measurement;heterodyne laser interferometry;Abbe error- 117
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Optical fiber measurement system for 3-D variation of turbine blade tip clearance
Abstract：Turbine blade tip clearance varies in a three-dimensional (3-D) direction in an aero-engine. The traditional fiber-optic sensor can only measure the radial clearance, and the results are affected by the interdimensional coupling effect. In this paper, a sensor array consisting of three of the two-circle coaxial fiber bundles, arranged along the isosceles triangle layout, was used to realize the decoupling of blade tip clearance 3-D parameters. These parameters included radial clearance, axial deviation angl Keywords：fiber-optic sensing;aero-engine;3-D tip clearance;neural network;measurement system- 99
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Design of board spectrum and long work distance microscope objective for weak fluorescence signal detection
Abstract：Because the fluorescence signal induced by a cancer cell is weak and has a wide spectral range, along with the detection limits of existing microscopes, this paper proposes fluorescence microscope objectives with a spectral range of 450-800 nm and a numerical aperture of 0.95. The objective used "++-" structure because the correction of aberration, caused by a wide spectrum and high numerical aperture, is difficult. The objective must include a set number of lenses and the alignment process is difficult; th Keywords：optical design;microscope objective;wide spectrum;high numerical aperture;apochromatic- 90
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Tunable grating for stress measurement
Abstract：In order to prepare well-ordered micron and submicron grating fold structures for simpler stress measurement, tunable grating was prepared by a self-assembly process based on a rigid film/flexible substrate. A polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate was prepared on polyethylene (PET) by the spin-coating method; then, the curved PDMS-PET substrates were processed in oxygen plasma. After appropriate surface treatment time in plasma, the curved substrates were flattened, and well-ordered wrinkling shape gratings Keywords：grating fabrication;PDMS;oxygen plasma;diffraction;spectroscopy- 72
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- 16
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Published：2020-08-13 -
High-precision and wide-range optical crystal temperature control system
Abstract：To address the problem of heat accumulation of optical crystals in solid-state lasers and ensure the stability of its work performance, a temperature-control method with high temperature control accuracy and large temperature control range, based on a semiconductor Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC), was proposed. Based on the operating characteristics of the TEC, the heat effect and the heat transfer mechanism of the optical crystal, a temperature-current double closed-loop temperature control model was establish Keywords：optical crystal;temperature control;double closed loop;high precision;wide range- 124
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Design of micro-displacement measurement system for large aperture adaptive mirror
Abstract：A mirror deformation detection system based on STM32 and using the capacitance detection chip Pcap01-AD was designed to solve the problems of small deformation, high change frequency, and difficulty of accurately measuring the microdeformation that were associated with a large aperture adaptive sub-mirror. First, according to the characteristics of the deformable mirror, which was driven by the voice coil motor, a system scheme for measuring the microdeformation of the mirror using the capacitance displacem Keywords：adaptive secondary mirror;micro-displacement detection;Pcap01 conversion chip;STM32f103- 54
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Underwater target polarization recovery method based on global parameter estimation
Abstract：The absorption and scattering of underwater light by water are the two main factors influencing image degradation. With a focus on underwater target imaging, this paper proposes an underwater target polarization recovery method by global parameter estimation, using a simplified underwater target polarization reconstruction model, which recovers an underwater target image by automatically estimating global optimal polarization information reconstruction parameters to reduce the impact of the medium on image Keywords：polarization imaging;underwater target imaging;polarization enhancement;minimum mutual information;image recovery- 157
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Alignment of
Φ 1 000 mm primary mirror for photoelectric tracking systemAbstract：The quality of optical machine installation in a 1 000 mm aperture reflector directly influences the imaging characteristics of the optical system of a telescope. In order to improve the imaging quality of a large-aperture photoelectric tracking system, the installation and adjustment technology of the reflector was investigated. First, the errors that affect the precision of the principal mirror were distributed. Second, a typical method was adopted to perform a detailed installation and adjustment investi Keywords：photoelectric tracking system;primary mirror bearing structure;large aperture;alignment technology- 114
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Published：2020-08-13
Modern Applied Optics
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Alignment of Φ1 000 mm primary mirror for photoelectric tracking system
Abstract：The quality of optical machine installation in a 1 000 mm aperture reflector directly influences the imaging characteristics of the optical system of a telescope. In order to improve the imaging quality of a large-aperture photoelectric tracking system, the installation and adjustment technology of the reflector was investigated. First, the errors that affect the precision of the principal mirror were distributed. Second, a typical method was adopted to perform a detailed installation and adjustment investigation of the principal mirror with an aperture of 800 mm, and the reflection mirror shape accuracy was measured in real-time, in combination with the specific form of the reflector support structure. Finally, this paper included a comprehensive analysis of the source of installation and adjustment errors and proposed a high-precision method that integrates processing, testing, and installation. The method adopted resulted in an RMS value of λ/40 for the modified profile precision waveform aberration after installation, and significantly improved the efficiency and quality of the installation and adjustment.Keywords：photoelectric tracking system;primary mirror bearing structure;large aperture;alignment technology- 71
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Published：2020-08-13
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A survey of line of sight control technology for airborne photoelectric payload
Abstract：The need to improve the accuracy of Line of Sight (LOS) for long-distance, long-focus, and high-resolution airborne photoelectric payloads is crucial. Starting from the basic principles of current, speed, and position three-loop control, our study analyzed torque control of motors, disturbance suppression, and robustness of time delay. First, the drive and control methods of a new brushless motor at the current loop were analyzed, and the corresponding advantages and disadvantages were presented. Second, th Keywords：airborne photoelectric payload;line of sight control;active disturbance rejection;two-stage control;target tracking- 65
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Electrochemical discharge machining of glass micro-holes with high-quality
Abstract：Ultra-white glass is a kind of transparent low-iron glass. Owing to its excellent physical and optical properties, it is widely used in many fields such as precision electronics, luxury automobiles, and solar photovoltaic power generation. Because of its hard and brittle characteristics, the outlets of glass micro-holes are easily damaged. In order to improve the machining localization of glass micro-holes and reduce the possibility of micro-hole outlet damage, the micro electrochemical discharge drilling p Keywords：electrochemical discharge machining;ultra-white glass;micro-hole;discharge energy- 92
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- 11
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Design and process of ultra-precision drum roll lathe
Abstract：In order to improve the domestic roll-to-roll manufacturing level of optical microstructure films and change the fact that the manufacture of nearly all ultra-precision roll machining equipment is monopolized by foreign companies, the first domestic ultra-precision roll lathe is designed and integrated successfully with process experiments for typical microstructures. First, according to the characteristics of optical microstructures for roller mold processing, the key technologies of machine tools were ana Keywords：ultra-precision machine tool;diamond cutting;roll to roll;drum roll lathe;microstructure- 70
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- 15
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Design and fabrication of three-dimensional dynamic cell culture micro-devices
Abstract：Cell culture is the basis of cell research. In order to provide an approximate microenvironment for cell culture, a micro-device for three-dimensional and dynamic cell culture was designed. First, a micro-channel network was designed for transportation of liquid. The cell culture chamber was symmetrically arranged in the micro-channel network. A series of "multiple input and multiple output" micro-channels were connected with the inlet and outlet of the cell culture chamber. Second, the physical fields of l Keywords：micro-devices;microfluidics;three-dimensional dynamic culture;porous media;electrohydrodynamic direct-writing;three-dimensional scaffolds- 73
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Model predictive sliding mode control for stack giant magnetostrictive actuators
Abstract：According to the requirements of actuators for novel electro-hydraulic servo valves (EHSVs), this paper proposes a design for a special stack giant magnetostrictive actuator (SGMA). In order to compensate for the nonlinear property of the SGMA, a controlling strategy was proposed and verified by simulation and experimentation. First, with permanent magnets (PMs) and short giant magnetostrictive material (GMM) rods located iteratively, a highly uniform bias magnetic field was obtained in the SGMA. Then, base Keywords：stack giant magnetostrictive actuator;multi-DOF output model;nonlinearity;model predictive sliding mode control;experimental validation- 79
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Flexibility calculation and analysis of Bipod reflector support structure
Abstract：A biaxial bipod flexible support structure was designed based on flexibility analysis parameter optimization to improve the accuracy of a mirror surface subject to ambient temperature fluctuations. First, the flexibility of the mirror support structure was calculated and analyzed, and a flexibility formula for the leg-and-mirror assembly was deduced. Then, to ensure the axial support stiffness and unloading ability of the mirror, a set of flexible support structure size parameters were calculated with a dia Keywords：flexture support;Bipod;reflector;surface accuracy;flexibility- 89
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Development and error analysis of metamorphic parallel manipulators
Abstract：A new type of hyper-redundant metamorphic parallel manipulator arm was proposed. It was based on the 3-PUPS parallel mechanism and it could change its configuration by locking driving joints. Error modeling and analysis of the manipulator were done, and the positioning error of the manipulator's experimental prototype was measured by a calibration system. First, the design idea of manipulator metamorphosis by locking driving joints was proposed so it could change its configuration and performance according Keywords：redundant;metamorphic;parallel manipulator;error analysis;prototype;calibration experiment- 127
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Power generation characteristics of dielectric elastomer generator under pure shear mode
Abstract：In order to study the power generation characteristics of a Dielectric Elastomer Generator (DEG), a Finite Element (FE) model of the DEG under pure shear mode was established in the COMSOL Multiphysics commercial package. The model was based on the Yeoh constitutive relation of hyperelastic materials, coupled with the electrostatic force inside the generator membrane. The capacitance variation of the generator and the effect of power generation were studied. A pure shear tension apparatus was designed such Keywords：finite element modeling;pure shear;pre-stretching in Y direction;electromechanical characteristics- 65
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Study on sensitivity of surface deviation for aspheric mirror blank on centrifugal melting casting
Abstract：Centrifugal melting casting technology has unique advantages in the manufacture of large aspheric mirror blanks. In this paper, the centrifugal casting process and the quality of the mold embryo were studied in depth by using a self-developed shrinkage model experiment machine. In order to obtain the required mirror blank, the processes of preparing the coating, heating, cooling and preserving the heat of the mold were introduced in detail. The influencing factors of shape deviation in the mirror blank prod Keywords：centrifugal melting casting;aspheric mirror blank;process;surface deviation;compensation- 90
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- 15
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Design of hybrid frame for on-orbit flywheel fault diagnosis
Abstract：In order to improve flywheel reliability, flywheel fault diagnosis technology was studied. A hybrid fault diagnosis method based on a neural network was proposed, which compares the mathematical analysis model with the flywheel fault diagnosis based on intelligent computing. In this method, the difference between the mathematical model and the original system output was used as the first-order residual. Then, the first-order residual and the system measurements were used to train the neural network. Finally Keywords：fault diagnosis;neural network;hybrid method;modeling error;nonlinear- 87
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Indirect validation method of thermal design for exposed opto-electro-mechanical instrument on satellite
Abstract：Satellite-borne opto-electromechanical instruments preserve both optical systems and mechanism properties; the former has a strict requirement for temperature, and the latter has a complex structure and is constantly moving. This is a challenge to the test validation of the thermal characteristics. A case study of the indirect validation method of the thermal design for the optical communication terminal is presented. The indirect validation method may be utilized to predict the in-orbit temperature through Keywords：opto-electro-mechanical instrument;optical communication;thermal balance test;thermal model correction- 65
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- 19
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Design of an adaptive linear active disturbance rejection controller
Abstract：An Active Disturbance Rejection Controller (ADRC) can suppress uncertain disturbances effectively; however, its parameter tuning is difficult. In order to develop an adaptive linear ADRC, the parameter tuning strategy of a linear ADRC was studied. First, an adaptive tuning algorithm based on observational errors was designed for a linear extended state observer. Then, an adaptive tuning algorithm for the parameters of the ADRC linear feedback component was designed. Finally, by using the Lyapunov method, it Keywords：Active Disturbance Rejection Controller (ADRC);adaptive controller;parameter tuning;linear motors- 92
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Wide-swath and long-wave infrared zoom imaging method with variable frame rate
Abstract：This study aims to verify the effect of image-distortion correction on the edge-field-of-view scanning direction in the case of zoom-scanning wide-swath imaging and to simplify the scanning mirror control. First, the nonlinear relationship between the scanning speed of a scanning mirror and the imaging angle of view during zoom imaging is analyzed. With respect to the problem of low stability and the difficulty of realizing control of the variable-speed scanning of the mirror, uniform angular-velocity scann Keywords：zoom imaging;wide-swath imaging;long-wave infrared;variable frame rate;image distortion correction- 101
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Published：2020-08-13
Micro/Nano Technology and Fine Mechanics
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Compressive imaging based on Tetrolet-domain uHMT structured sparse prior and Turbo equalization
Abstract：Based on the persistence and exponential decay across scales of Tetrolet coefficients, the Tetrolet-domain universal hidden Markov tree structured sparse prior model was established for compressive imaging. In this model, the statistic distribution of Tetrolet coefficients was presented as the prior with the Gaussian-mixture form, and then, the posterior probability density function (PDF) was estimated by using the factor graph method. In order to solve the problem that the messages passing through the loop Keywords：Tetrolet transform;universal hidden markov trees;Turbo equalization;belief propagation;compressive imaging- 86
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Published：2020-08-13 -
A terracotta image partition matching method based on learned invariant feature transform
Abstract：A novel feature partition matching scheme for two-view Terracotta warrior images was presented to address the problem of high false matching rate and low feature matching efficiency during 3D reconstruction in this paper. The new scheme was as follows:First, the features of the complete Terracotta warriors image were extracted using the learned invariant feature transform (LIFT) method. Second, the position of the dividing line on the head of the image of the warrior was determined by applying the proposed Keywords：Terracotta Warriors;feature extraction;feature matching;LIFT;RANSAC- 95
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Multi-view VLL matching algorithm for optical aerial images based on constraint of object space positioning consistency
Abstract：The use of the traditional Vertical Line Locus (TVLL) matching method for the multi-view image matching of ground primitives results in the following shortcomings:obtaining one elevation value and the lack of accuracy validation of the matching results. Considering the above shortcomings, this paper proposes a new multi-view VLL matching algorithm for optical aerial images based on the constraint of object space positioning consistency. The proposed algorithm brings about specific improvements to the TVLL m Keywords：optical aerial image;Vertical Line Locus (VLL) matching;object-space ground primitive;object space positioning consistency;accuracy validation- 117
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Published：2020-08-13 -
High-precision target pose adjustment based on 3-CCD microscope vision system
Abstract：A 3-CCD microscope vision system is established to realize micro-target pose adjustment in a high-power laser device with high precision. Image-based visual control method is performed, and the image Jacobian matrix is derived online by using the active movement of the micro-target. The PI controller is used to adjust the micro-target's pose so that the image features are close to the objective position. In the experiments, we compare the image-based visual control method with the position-based visual cont Keywords：target positioning;pose adjustment;image Jacobian;image-based visual control;microscope vision- 89
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Pedestrian detection based on tree-structured graphical model of the human body and hybrid particle swarm clustering
Abstract：In order to improve the reliability and safety factor of driver assistance systems, and achieve pedestrian detection with a higher precision, an improved pedestrian detection method based on a tree-structured graphical model of the human body is proposed, and it consists of an offline training part and an online detection part. First, the corresponding parent-child parts are obtained by defining the symbiotic relationship between human parts, and then the K-means algorithm is applied to the location relatio Keywords：pedestrian detection;tree-structured graphical model of human body;K-means cluster;particle swarm optimization- 90
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Fast rotation calibration of sensor array in magnetic gradient tensor system
Abstract：In order to eliminate the effect of the misalignment error between the sensor array and the sensor system of the magnetic gradient tensor system on the measurement accuracy, a method of theoretically precise calibration between all magnetic sensors and reference platforms, which involves rotating a circle around an arbitrary axis of the system, was proposed. The linear correction model of the sensor system error was constructed using two nonlinear transformations without any mathematical simplification, and Keywords：magnetic gradient tensor system;error correction;least-squares method;linear calibration;fast rotation calibration- 94
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Published：2020-08-13 -
Hyper-spectral image classification using spatial-spectral manifold reconstruction
Abstract：In recent years, several supervised learning methods have been introduced in hyperspectral image (HSI) classification. However, these methods use only spectral information without taking into account the spatial features and manifold structures of HSIs. To overcome this problem, a new classification method was proposed for HSI classification, combining spatial-spectral features and manifold reconstruction. Based on the spatial consistency of ground objects distribution in HSIs, the proposed algorithm used a Keywords：hyperspectral remote sensing;image classification;spatial-spectral feature;manifold learning;reconstruction error- 83
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Published：2020-08-13
Information Sciences
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